CONTENTS:

Bad Bad Jim the Naughty Boy Soldier!!!!!

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This is fun! A letter sent from New York City in 1863 to Miss. Rebecca Robinson at the State Normal School in New Britain, CT. It contained a picture of this slightly sinister Union officer, and her reply letter that states she does not know any Jims, except a common coachman, and says she'd not reply to unsolicited advances anyway. Please do not write again!!!! (Maybe he shoulda asked her "What's your sign?")
 
1862 Missouri Soldier Letter with stunning Letterhead

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Look at the letterhead on this 1862 soldier's letter. the vignette shows a soldier dreaming of home and presents a haunting poem. Think how many men saw these words on their own letters and never returned from the nightmare of war to the sweet reality of their wife and families.. Fames Sherry writes to his sister from New Florence, Mo. in February of 1862. It mentions shooting some rebels the other night and a big fight at Fort Henry.
 
Sister's Letters to a Soon-Dead Brother!!!

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This is very interesting yet sad: These three very colorful patriotic covers clearly demonstrate the patriotic verve with which such envelopes were actually used during the Civil War. Two of them bear the common carmine-colored three-cent George Washington stamp that was so-coveted by soldiers wishing to write home. As is typical, they are hand stamped or crossed-off using ink-pen by the postmaster because there was no automatic machine-cancelling at that time in U.S. history. Soldier Jesse B. Rice a 24-year old Private who enlisted in Co.D. of the New York 88th Regiment as a private on 8/26/62 sent two of these envelopes back to Miss Rachel A. Rice (sister?) at Wallace Station in Steuben County, New York. One is cancelled with the date Dec. 16 1862. A return letter from Rachel to Jesse is annotated "Stephens Mills Dec 22/62" and addressed to him at the "Mount Pleasant Hospital" in Washington D.C.. It was crossed out and forwarded to another hospital "Ward Y of the U.S. Hospital in West Philadelphia, Penn.. Sadly, records show that Jesse B. Rice "died of disease" on 1/13/1863 in that hospital. No doubt, Rachel kept these symbols of her brother's supreme sacrifice for many years afterward as a fond yet bittersweet memory. Real men, real women, real war. (BY the way, I used to live across the street from where the current V.A. Hospital now stands on Baltimore Avenue in West Philly... there is a regal old graveyard full of awesome Civil War tombstones beside it...)
 
Excellent Flip-Top Travelers Ink Well

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This is a leather covered "flip top" inkwell which has fine engraving to inner brass cap and body. Both outer and inner catch mechanisms work. Ink bottle intact. Usually leather is lost from outside of brass body and/or lid, but in this case, all leather present. This is in extra fine condition.
 
Bullet Lead used as a Pencil to Write!

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Soldiers wrote many letters home to sweethearts, acquaintances and family. If a standard pen or pencil was unavailable, the trooper could fashion a functional replacement from a piece of lead. If pressed hard enough, it would leave a readable scrawl on paper. These elongated pencils were crudely made from lead scraps of hammered-out bullets and artillery shell sabots. They are found in Civil War camp areas and are pictured in the major Relic Books about this conflict. Never was the old saying more true: "Necessity is the Mother of Invention."
 
Inkwell with Iridescence

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Sometimes the chemicals in the ground give strange iridescent effects to the glass which gets buried there for years... As an example, observe this very cool and attractive "umbrella ink" glass bottle... it almost looks like a pearl shimmering with superimposed green and pink accents... like the nacre inside a muscle shell or oyster. This type of construction is generally from around the CW period. Early Hinge Molded. Smooth Base, 3"H x 2 1/2"W, With a crudely sheared-off lip, American, C. 1860s. It came from a double barrel-lined privy on Baltimore's west side, the house having been built in 1860. This is an unusual color for this kind of bottle, as these were usually made of an aqua-green glass. Soldiers often used glass shear-tops and crockery bottles to carry their ink during the Civil War.
 
Log Cabin Shaped Ink Bottle

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A nice square-shoulder little ink bottle in aqua glass with small inclusion air bubbles from the mid-Nineteenth Century. It is mold poured (not hand-made so no pontil) marked "Lyons Ink." The lines of the design are oriented to rest a pen across the top of the bottle. The top is a "snap top" design. 1 3/4 wide by 2 1/4" high. These were commonly discarded into trash pits and privy wells during the period of the Civil War. No breaks.
 
Heavy Interesting Inkwell, dated June 4, 1861

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This is a very interesting looking desktop inkwell bearing a patent date of "June 4, 1861" on its pewter flip top section. There is a neat ribbed dome of blown glass permanently mounted into the top of the brass body, acting as a window down into an inner reservoir for the ink supply. The base is weighted within to keep it well-set on a desk. The blue cloth underside material is moth nipped. In the past, there was likely a raised pair of metal cradle-holders for pens set to either side of the pewter flip top. These are now gone. It is a heavy, interesting-looking item due to the domed glass viewer and cool shape of pewter flip top. In fact, the patent date is just after the start of the American Civil War.
 
Young Will Vanauken's Last Letter Home!

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Shortly after this letter was written Sgt. William E. Vanauken would be killed near Dallas, Georgia on the evening of May 25, 1864. His father was nearby and I will include that grief-stricken letter next for your consideration of the anguish and horror of war... (Text of Letter is below): Georgia (Close to Dallas) May the 25th, 1864 Dear Brother and Sister, I received your letter two days ago but could not get time to answer it. We have been in line of battle every night and we don't get any candles and so we have to do our writing in the day time. The letter found me well. I am well now. Frank is (well). I guess Drake is with me yet. We are within 20 miles of Atlanta & hard go. Only 20 minutes to write this in and I can't write much. We lay in the line of battle all night. The Johnies are making a stand 3 miles from here but we will have them over run before night. We have just --- them over a run---. And then if the 13 Iowa could do as well as we are doing then in a --- little time. This is all at present. From your Brother. I have wrote since the Battle and so has Drake. That letter that Drake sent you I took out of a Dead Reb's pocket. Brother, Will E. Vanauken ~~~~
 
Will Vanauken's Father Expresses Sheer Grief!

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Union Sergeant William E. Vanauken was killed near Dallas, Georgia on the evening of May 25, 1864. This letter is from his father to their relatives back home expressing his powerful grief at the loss of his beloved only son. (Text of letter below:) Near Dallas, Ga June 1,1864 Dear Bro and Sister, I will now try and give you a short history of myself and the regiment for the last month. One month ago this morning we started from Shelbyville. We had a very hard march until we reached this side of the Cumberland Mountain. We came by the way of Bridgeport - Chattanooga - Lookout Mountain and Ringgold. There we turned over all surplus baggage taking nothing but a change of clothes and some did not have that. Then all of the wagons were loaded and we started for the front last taking the main Army that had five days the start at Tunnel Hill where they had got the Rebs on the run. There we joined our brigade - here I will say our Regt was left back at Shelbyville for a train guard - Then the Rebs took for a place called Ringgold. There we were put on the left flank and drew the Rebs from their strong hold by the flank move, a trick that saves many lives that would be lost in taking breastworks. Then we kept them on the run to a place called Resaca, where they made a stand and we whipped them, they leaving their killed and wounded in our hands. They retreated in the night and we after them as soon as we could replace the bridge they burned. The next place they made a stand was Cassville. There did not engage our forces long before we had them on the run, and our men had the village of Cassville. We stayed 3 days, our brigade bringing up the rear of the 1st Division of our Corps. The next place we find them is where I am now writing you and where my trouble begins. On the morning of the 25th we started at daylight on right flank but about noon "Gerry" got himself in a snap and we were called back to support him - got there just at night and time to be stuck in the fight, our Brigade being in the 1st line of battle. The Regiment loss is 179 killed and wounded, and worse than all of this to me is my Dear boy Will was killed and now no one but God knows what my feelings have been for the last five days, for Will was all to me for I loved him better than any person living. Oh it does seem as though I could not give the boy up after staving with him as I have been watching him night and day as mother would an only child. I am afraid I loved and thought too much of the boy but that's one of mv weak points and couldn't help it. The poor boy is now out of trouble and I have wished more than once I was with him. I pity anyone if they ever had a friend nearer and dearer than he is to me. I got his body and had I buried but not until it had been robbed by some heartless wretch of even-thins he had in his pockets. They even took the rings I had given him from his fingers. They had buried him or rather thrown him in a hole with two other men before I could get him. They could not get the bodies from the field because they were under such a heavy fire the night he was killed. If this is not enough to break ones heart, what is? I had the body taken up and buried over in a more pleasant place and way but not as I would liked to of done. Oh, the way things are done in the Army is enough to drive one mad. And here tell me boy, never you come is my advise. I have nothing now to keep me only Whale owing me and I concide that a small affair. If we were only back to Shelbyville we were a month ago, I making my hundred dollars a week and Wil's with me perfectly happy. How can one account for this change? It is more than I can. I would like to see home and you all but not until I am happier than I am now. The Regt is in line of battle and has been night and day since the night of the 25th. We were released and fell back 1/2 mile from where Will was killed. The Rebs are very strongly fortified and they are trying to flank them out and that is the reason we are so long in a place. They keep up fire all the time. The line is in the shape of a horseshoe. We are in the center. McPherson on right and Schofield on left. Our line is about a mile long, that is our Division and we have over 500 pieces of artillery ready and playing most of the time. So you see we have some faring as well as a noise. When you read this you will think it looks as though the writer is badly frightened, but I am not. I am with the Regt in line and writing on an old tin plate on my lap. This living in the woods and under fire is a big thing but I can't see it. Excuse all blunders and give me all the news from home. As ever, your Brother Nal Direct - 107th N Y Vols 1st Division 2d Brigade 20 Army Corps via Nashville, Tenn ~~~
 
A Bold Love Letter to a Soldier

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This letter to Ephraim E. Brown, 64th NYSV, is from his girlfriend, Mary D. Babcock, North East, Erie Co. PA. Ephraim has been discharged and is staying in Washington D.C. as he thinks he can find a job that pays better than he can get at home. The letter is dated February 26, 1865. Mary tells Ephraim that both she and her sister, Delilia, have been sick. She states, "it is very sikly around here there has been a number of deaths since you was up here & there is a great minny sick now." She mentions that she has been dreaming about him. "I have dremp five Nites about you they was all good dreams I think. one was that I was hugin you & kissing you & I waked up & you wasent with me but it wasent nothing but a dream but if I could see you it would not be a dream if I could reach you I would kiss you. now I tell you I wont tell you enny of the rest till I see you."
 
1864 Letter from James Dunn who died Andersonville

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LETTER FROM JAMES DUNN, 19TH MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY, APRIL 10TH, 1864. 4 Page Letter. In Very Legible Pencil. To his 'Dear Sister Mary Jane'. "Camp 19th Mass. Vols. April 10, 1864 (written upsidedown above greeting: "I am afraid I cannot get a stamp for this as they are hard to be go here. Money will not buy them at times here.") Dear Sister Mary Jane. I have received your kind letter of March 29. I am glad to hear that you are all well. I am in good health, thank God for His goodness to us all. I am glad to know that you are seeing to them things which I would like to see too, but I have not a chance now. I hope I will live to get home, then I will try and fix things right. I mean about that grave stone and Jim Sinclair. I don't think Patrick acted very clever about it but he knows best himself. I have been more uneasy about them things since I left home then when I was at home. Mary Jane, I believe I have little news today to tell you. Everything seems very still here. If it had not been so much rain lately, I think we would of been on the move by this time. We are having lots of rain here now. We have just had 24 hours solid rain and it is thundering for more, I suppose. But I think we must soon have dry weather. Then we expect to have some thing to do. I think we are just waiting for the roads to dry. Then we have a big job to do. I hope they will give us help enough to do it. It seems to me West Newbury don't strain herself very much towards helping us out here. At least the boys out here think so. I would like to know who is going to fill their quota. We are having some reinforcements come to us, but they don't come along so fast as they should. I think them that is coming should be out here to help us to take these breastworks. I suppose we have got to try them the first thing. I hope we may be successful. I have not time to write much more today as I must soon go on guard. Remember me to Edward, Rebecca and the little ones. I feel for them very much on account of their troubles. Well, it has commenced raining again. So I will have a little more time as we don't have to stand guard when it rains. But we have a fellow tied up by the hands and feet because we wouldn't have his hair cut. He has to stand out in the rain. Such is a soldier's life. I wish the war was over and us returning home unto our wives and families we left behind. If I live to get out of it I would like all hands was going home with me. That is more than some wishes. There is some don't seem to care how it goes, so they get out of it. There will soon be a good many getting of it. Their times will be out and unless they send us some men to take their places here there will be a good many of us wish we was out of it. For when the Johnnys know we are getting weak, that will be the time for them to strike. The papers may talk about the recuits they are sending us, but they don't come here, many of them and them that does is nothing but drummer boys or cripples mostly. Now I suppose, Mary Jane, that this letter will not be very interesting to you. But I had not much else to write about. There is a good deal of my mind in it. Tell James Oakes I am ready to receive another letter from him. Though if they get moving the regiment I might not answer letters so prompt as I would like to. I think they will be likely to get us started about the first of May. Well, we must make up our minds for a hard summer's work. Those of us who live to see it. We will do all we can and if we fail, they need not lay the blame on our Generals or men in the field. But keep the blame where it belongs if they do not give us men. They need not expect us to gain victory. So that is about all I have got to say about that. Write when you have a chance. Let me know what the neighbors are about. Give my respects to Mrs. Oakes and family. Remember to all inquiring friends. No more at present from your Brother, James Dunn." JAMES DUNN was an Irish-born resident of West Newbury, Massachusetts and a 29 year old shoemaker when he enlisted on December 9th, 1861 as a Private. On December 10th he mustered into 'A' Company, Mass. 19th Infantry. He was wounded on May 6th, 1864 in the Battle of the Wilderness; was a POW on June 22nd, 1864 at Petersburg, Va.; was confined on June 24th at Richmond; and was sent to Lynchburg on June 29th, 1864. Dunn died of disease at Andersonville Prison, Andersonville, Georgia on July 19th, 1864, and is buried at Andersonville National Cemetery, Gravesite 3570. THE 19TH MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY was organized at Lynnfield on August 28th, 1861. They became part of the 2nd Division, 2nd Army Corps for the remainder of the War. The unit saw action at the battles of Ball's Bluff; the Siege of Yorktown; West Point; Fair Oaks, Seven Pines; Oak Grove; White Oak Swamp; Malvern Hill; South Mountain; Antietam; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Salem Heights; GETTYSBURG; Bristoe Station; Mine Run; Rapidan River; Wilderness; Po River; North Anna; Totopotomoy; Cold Harbor; Petersburg; Jerusalem Plank Road; Deep Bottom; Ream's Station; Boydton Plank Road; Hatcher's Run; Dabney's Mills; Fall of Petersburg; Sailor's Creek; High Bridge and Cumberland Church; and Appomattox Court House. They took part in the Grand Review of the Union Armies in Washington, D.C. Very Interesting Letter from a young Soldier fated to die at the infamous Andersonville Prisoner of War Camp.
 
June 1862 Letter from Wife to Mass Captain

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Wife Mary Alexander writes to her husband William B. Alexander, a Captain in the 23rd Mass. Vols. It is a two page letter. Paper is good but ink is a little light now. Still, it is very interesting reading during the Civil War. With a little more patience than I have, you could decipher all the lines, but here is some of the easier that I can read in order to give you a taste of what this letter is about: No. 47. Boston June 29th, 1862. To my Dear Beloved Husband. My dear husband how much I want to see you .... I have dreamed about you... night this week...and thought you were in the bed with me and you had your arms around me... and I was so happy that it seems to me as though I could hardly contain myself. but when I awoke and found its nothing but a dream, oh how disappointed I did feel. I could not help crying. Oh my Darling when will that happy time come. God may know. Sometimes when I get to thinking it seems to me as though I must fly to you. It will be one week tomorrow since I received a letter from you and it seems to me as the time never seemed so long before to me as it has this week. It has rained here every day this week but Monday and Saturday and today being Sunday it is a cold early mist. This morning went to meeting and this noon took home with me to dinner one of the little girls from the 5 Points Mission school in N. York. She was a dear child 12 years old & if I had no child of my own, would have taken her. There is ... of them here with Mr. Van ... on an excursion and this morning they sang in temple beautifully. Dear little motherless & fatherless children. God knows I would take care of all of them if I could but I can not. All I can do for them is to pray for them. I gave the little girl 25 cents this noon and you ought to have seen how pleased she was. God bless her. How should we feel to have our own little Ida in such a place. God grant she never may be. .... and you have received the letters & papers that were sent to you by him and how I do wish I could have gone with him, but I expect to come soon. Mr. Johnson told me that Capt. Whipple's wife was going out soon and I see by the paper that Capt. Kirby has been appointed provost marshal of Newbern and I guess by that you will stay there a spell longer. I want you to send for me the first opportunity there is. I have no doubt that you will. I long to see you. William (...) has gotten wounded in the arm & side. Oh, his mother & father do feel so bad about him....he has arrived at Washington. His father will go on to see him in a day or two and try to have him brought home if possible. Monday morning, June 30th, I have just received a letter from you....how bad I was feeling when I received your letter, it does me lots of good to have a letter from you. And love so well, I will write to you tomorrow..." There is a second page that I will leave to buyer to "discover"... it is similar in content. Interestingly, the "Five Points" Mission in New York is likely the horridly violent "Five Points" section of Lower Manhatten that was centerpieced in Martin Scorese's "Gangs of New York" movie set at time of Civil War... I do recommend you watch that movie with Daniel Day Lewis, Leonardo DiCaprio, and Cameron Diaz if you buy this letter. The historical "tie-in" is great! That vicious slum of the mid Nineteenth Century is now near Soho where millionaires buy trendy art & sip mochas... and where the World Trade Centers Stood...
 
Touring with Daddy & Robbing the Secesh during War

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Interesting letter written by daughter of a Union officer who fights nearby at the 1863 Battle of Wlliamsburg. It is written on an engraving stolen by this young miss from the abandoned home of the President of William & Mary College!!! Text reads: Yorktown, Hotel St. Nicholas, March 29, 1863. Dear Annie, I suppose you perceive I am writing this on Sunday but there is great excitement here. Williamsburg only ten miles from here, was taken this morning by the Rebs. Luckily however we were there on Friday and got a good many secesh things. We went to a house occupied by the Provost Marshall and formerly by a Mr. Saunders a sessessionist, and was President of the William & Mary College at Williamsburg. I got thirteen letters, two drawings, three engravings (one of them is Queen Victoria) an Opiscopal Prayer Book and a shell (these I got myself) Mr. Rorke the proprietor of this house got a Bible and needlecase for me. I have not yet told you who were of the party. Father, Lt-Col Low. Q-Master Spencer, Adjutant Hathaway, Chaplain Wallace. Mr. Williams. Mr. Rorke. Mrs. Spencer. Mrs. Low. and myself. Father got a deed of 1722. He has just come in to dine with us. Oh! Dear, the men are talking so, I can hardly write, that is, Father, Lt-Col, and Q-Master. I have to stop about every second to get my senses. Mrs. Spencer & Mrs. Low went up to the camp yesterday but from the dreadful ride of Friday, I could not go. We had a rain storm yesterday, but it cleared off in the night. Did Miss Phillips get my letter? When you answer this, if you have your canvas home with you, please send me a small piece to finish my slippers. I have one of them finished but have not enough for the other. The men have not yet done looking for the city of Yorktown. I tell you there is not much city about it. The house we are staying in was the one Jeff Davis's Adjutant General occupied as his head-quarters when here. I have a room by myself with Jeff's name on the woodwork, and a secesh flag by the side of it. The men have just gone out to take a horseback ride to Williamsburg. Thery will be in a great deal of danger. If I had known what was going to happen I would have taken a great deal more than I did from Williamsburg. I have just been in my room to make up my bed and a....so tired again. But I will have to stop soon for I can not tell you all I have seen on paper. If you could see the roads you would not wonder why the army does not move. I can write no more only that I am your loving Friend. Lillie. P.S. Write soon as you can. When is that paper coming. I have not had a letter since I have been here. Father, Lt-Col & Q-Master have come back from Gen. Busteed's where they went to get permission to go to Williamsburg, and said that the town was shelled by us, and the pickets back in their places. They have concluded not to go. The Rebels have evacuated Williamsburg. Where you see the number 168 is where our camp is situated. The men have got it all adorned with flowers and pine trees."
 
1861 Recommendation for Assist. Navy Paymaster

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This is a formal one page letter written in ink by Ashbel Green of New York who recommends his cousin to a T.A. Scott in Washington, D.C. for post of Assistant Paymaster in the Navy. The paper is embossed by its maker. Dated "New York 25th November 1861. Cool item that shows how favoritism & connections assisted in getting good positions even during the Civil War. No envelope. On back is written "ashbel Green of New York in favor of George B. MCullough for Asst Paymaster in the Navy." The text of letter follows: " Dear Sir, I wrote you some days ago in behalf of my cousin Mr. George B. McCollough who is an applicant for the post of A. Paymaster in the Navy. My...writes me that you had not received it. I dislike to bother you, but if it is consistent with your views and rules on the subject I would take it as a particular favor if you would say a good word for him. He has the strongest recommendations from Mr. Coleman and others of this city and is an energetic worthy & capable fellow. He has had considerable experience at sea and I believe will be of service to the Government. Very Truly. Ashbel Green. /Hon. T.A. Scott, washington, D.C."
 
1862 Letter from Mary Alexander to Soldier Husband

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This is a September 28th, 1862 letter from adoring wife Mary Alexander to husband William B. Alexander who was a Captain in Co. E or the 28th Mass. Vols. She wrote him almost every day! This is annotated as letter "No. 79." Very nice hand written ink on embossed paper. Envelope has no stamp now. Text as follows: No. 79. East Bridgewater, Sep 28 (1862). My Dear Husband. I will endeavor to write you a few lines although I shall not have any news to write for I do not know any thing of War news. Since I left Boston I do not expect totill I get back tomorrow morning. Lydia & Frank & I start to go to rynham to see father. he came on today to get his goods and we were going up to see him for we do not know when we shall see him again and it will only cost me one dollar to go and come and if frank and lydia go home to B to see the folks after they get moved it will cost them 10 dollars. so I guess they will not get home very often now. it will cost me the least of any of them, because I am the nearest to them. it wil only cost me two dollars to go so that males quite a difference. I wish I had lots of news to write you but I have not and I do not know what to write you. I am expecting a letter from you every day and shall be disappointed if I do not get one tomorrow. Ida has been gone from home 6 weeks today and I long to see her and shall if nothing happens to prevent before Saturday night. She is mart and is not homesick . One mite give my love to Lieut. drew Sayers. O how I do wish I could be with you my own sweet darling husband for God & God alone knows how much I love you. My own sweet darling and I dont see why I cannot come to New Bern just as well as not. I want to know if Gen Forster's wife is there now and those other ladies that you spoke of because I do not think one lady has any more right than another. I am in hopes to see you this winter sometime either out there or at home but darling I must bid you good night for this time. This is a short letter. it leaves me feeling rather blue hoping soon to see my own darling husband. This is the shortest letter I ever wrote to you. so dearest good night. From your own true & devoted wife. Mary Alexander."
 
TWO LETTERS from soon to die New York Troop

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These are two handwritten letters sent from a very unusual location: Key West, Florida. John W. Hendrix, was a 19 year old private from Otego, New York who mustered into Company E of the 90th New York Vols. Nice Key West, Fla. post-marked envelopes from August 14th and September 2nd. Yellow Fever was ravaging the Regiment at that time as described in his lines. He acted as a hospital steward for his own company due to short staffing. And Sadly, he was to die of disease himself just two days after the second of these letters was posted to a Mr. Bundy in Otego, NY. August 14th Letter's Text in ink: "General Hospital, Key West Florida, August 12, 1862. Dear Friend Sir, I take this opportunity to inform you that I am well at present and hope these few lines may find you enjoying the same blessing, For I consider it a great blessing to have my health in this climate. The troops are a droping away very fast with the billious fever and the yellow fever. The two Companies that are stationed at Fort Taylor have got only thirteen men reported for duty. The rest are in the hospital. So you can see that we have to work in the hospital. General Terry is on the island and inspecting the troops and hospitals. He is in command of the island. He was the hero of Fort Pulaski. He is a very smart looking man. He leaves for Hilton Head South Carolina and also Wm. F. Cornick medical director of Key West and Arnold B. Striks hospital steward. So it leaves us with only one doctor to Doctor about one hundred men. Besides he has to visit all vessels that arrive to see that there is not any Disease on board and if there is any Disease then they are not allowed to land. This month is the worst month there is in the year for yellow fever. I do not think of any news worth writing now. I want you to send me a county paper once in a while and I will send you some of the New Era that is printed in Key West. Write as soon as you can. Give my respects to your family and also janices folks. from your friend . Sergeant John Wm. Hendrick, General Hospital, Key West Florida. (added on back of page) I have just heard that they are going to Draft all of the able bodied men in the north. So I think that some of the men in Otego shake in the news. Dont you. J.W.He. Key west." SECOND LETTER TEXT in pencil: "Key West Florida. Gen. Hospital. August 26 (62). Dear Friend Sir, I take this opportunity to write to you to let you know that I am well at present and hope these few lines may find you enjoying the same. I have been a looking for a letter from you for about a month but have not got it yet. I want you to send some along. I have not heard from Otego for over four weeks and it is getting kind of lonesome. There is a great deal of sickness on the island. There was twenty two died in the last week. the most of them with the yellow fever. There is twenty nine sick with the fever in the hospital that I am in. I have been sick one week with it. Mr. F. Roe of Franklin died last week with the fever. We have just received news that General Mc Clellan had moved his army back to Washington and that General Banks had got another whipping and had to retreat. I am in the hopes that there will not be any more yellow fever after this month. Some days there will be ten new cases. then others there will not be any. I do not think of anything more to write. Give my respects to all and write asw soon as you get this and as often as .... From your Friend and humble servant, John Wm. Hendrix... If you see.... tell him to answer the letter that I sent him." THESE LETTER WERE A SOLDIER'S LAST WRITINGS TO HIS HOME BEFORE HE DEPARTED EARTH.
 
1859 Student Letter to Friend with Philosophy Notes

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This is very interesting hand-written ink letter from Suffolk, VA. in 1859. It is sent by student A.M. McClenny to a prior student George Armstrong in Taylor County, VA. It is written on a 2/3-rd sized sheet of rag paper embossed with a Union Eagle. The text (see below) tells Mr. Armstrong what has occurred with his furnishings. On the backside in pencil are notes from University lectures of late 1850's in Virginia! "Was the execution of Charles I justifiable?" "Should the African slave trade be reopened?" "Is slavery an evil?" "Should Major Andre have been executed?" There are more notes about "Arnold" and "execute". As well as some math calculations. The best thing is that the envelope is addressed to "George Armstrong, Esq., Prunty Town, Taylor County, VA." Records of CW Database show that a 24 year old Physician (1862) named George Armstrong from Taylor County was commissioned into CSA Forces February 1862 for the VA 25th Infantry. He was Wounded in both hips 5/8/1862 in McDowell, VA and spent rest of war furloughed for disabilities, often at Jackson Hospital in Richmond. Thus, we have the letter of a Virginia College friend to a later Confederate surgeon (WIA) during their pre-CW college days. (Just like those sweetly naive opening scenes in Gone With The Wind!) I could find not record of an A.M. Mcclenny fighting in either CW army. So perhaps he steered clear of conflict. Letter Text: "Suffolk, VA. July 12th, 1859. Dear Armstrong. Before I left the college as I promised you, I undertook to collect your furniture in my room for safe-keeping, until my return to college, when I thought it would demand a greater price: but I could not find any of it except the bureau and some sheats. The others McVeigh (I think) has engaged to some of the students but has not gotten the money for them yet. I could not see him to find out how many pieces he hasdisposed of in that manner. I shall therefore have to wait until the return when I will sell it to the best advantage. I remain your friend. A.M. McClenny.
 
1863 Letter NY Soldier Has Shakes

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This is a September 17th, 1863 letter from Francis M. Metcalf at Old Point Comfort, VA. to his father in Westmoreland, New York. This 19 year old soldier asks advice about his health. He had enlisted on 8/2/1862 at Utica, NY as a Private into "C" Co. NY 117th Infantry. But was transferred out and placed in Signal Corps 7/18/1863 right after this letter was sent. Was his health the reason? On embossed paper in ink with original envelope. Text as follows: Signal Camp. Camp Hamilton, VA. Sept. 17th, 1863. Dear Father. I should not again write so soon but for the fact that my present state of health demands some attention to give it which I need some medical advice & perhaps some medicine and having little faith in the army quinine-blue-pill doctors I take this method of consulting Dr. Paigne through you about it. First, you must know that within the last three days I have had two or three "shakes" which I suppose is nothing more or less than the fever and ague which is quite prevalent here. and moreso at Yorktown where whole regiments are sick at once and almost the whole of some regiments are in the hospital here. I very much dislike to return to the hospital and wish to avoid it if it's possible to work this ague off without which it might perhaps be if I knew how to treat it myself. What I should and should not do. Whether exercise much or not; whether to ride a horse and what to do when the shake approaches. Perhaps he can send me some medicine to take at that time to avert the chill & fever. not quinine either. My chills have so far come on about 3 1/2 or 4 o'clock P.M. and I have noticed that they are aggravated by writing or any such mutual application when they were coming so that I shall be careful not to write at that time here after and only a little anyway. I should not hope to get along in camp, but that we are well provided with tents raised on board frames and as good beds as they have at the hospital. I think it possible that the location may not be so good as that of the hospital for we are immediately on the shore of the Hampton Roiads within 6 roda of the water's edge and have the full benefit of the sea breeze. I feel pretty well during the fore part of the day. I had my worst shake last night and feel more the effects of it this morning than of any previous one. but not very bad either. anoither thing that inclines me to stay here is the fact that our duties are too light to make any particular difference whether one is in the hospital or here. We are doing our own cooking in camp now and that's most we have to do and we only eat two meals per day. Please see either the young or old doctor as soon as possible and let me know his advice and send me his medicine or prescriptions. I heard from Everett yesterday and heard his situation in the recruiting service of the 15 N.Y. Heavy Artillery. Please don't be at all worried about me for my disease though common is hardly dangerous and console yourself with the knowledge that I can go to the hospital any time when I consider it necesary and there have the best of care and quarters under nurses I am well acquainted with and who'll do everything for me. I only hope to avoid going back for I should not get out again until cold weather perhaps which might be worse than this time. Good Bye. Yours Affectionately. Frank. P.S. I don't care for a rubber coat at present.
 
1861 Soldier Letter from Missouri

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This is a Civil War letter written on a patriotic letterhead from soldier Jacob Ford in Jefferson City, Missouri. It mentions fighting. The eagle in blue ink is very large and dramatic.
 
Soldier Edward writes from Bridgeport, AL hospital

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This is a CW letter written by a Civil War soldier who likely was a hospital attendent named Edward. Mailed to his aunt Rachael Kingsley in Hatfield, Mass. It is unclear if his last name was same as his aunt's still or if she was married. But there are a few Edward Kingsleys in the CW database from Massachusetts. His paper is embossed with a shield that says "Nayasset Co." There many be enough clues for a great sleuth to pin this soldier's ID down. The letter is written in legible ink. From Field hospital, Bridgeport, Ala. The envelope is later dated Nov. 7th, '63 and bears a Nashville, TN cancellation. What a round-about path to get to Massachusetts. It is an interesting letter with details of war. Here is text in full: Gen. Field Hospital, Bridgeport, Ala. Dear Aunt, I have this day received the papers you mailed the 25th but have as yet found but little time to look at them, but I am still at my old post and well. The "division" that has been stationed here the past winter guarding the place, about 8000 strong, started this morning for "the front" and all their sick were brought in here, which with about 50 from the Convalescent Camp, which has been broken up, filled the hospital to overflowing, and a lot were sent to Nashville this morning, notwithstanding my tent is still full (110 patients). Besides the moving of the troops here, the 15th Army Corps, about 25,000 strong is passing through to the front as I write from back towards Memphis. besides this the Pontooneers here have started for the same place, and possibly as this reaches you will be heard the clash of arms and the thunder of cannon in this section of the country. May we have better success than seems to have fallen to our arms in Bank's department. I enclose a few cotton seeds for you to plant in a pot, if you would like, I got them out of some cotton which was put in a bed that fall. They may not grow. It is possible that, if there is a fight at the front, I may be so employed as not to have time to write as regularly as of late, nevertheless, I hope that you will not stop for me to write. I just had a letter from Uncle E. All were well although he says Alonzo has had a hard time getting rid of the itch and "grey-barks" since he got home; James is at Dalton, GA. Thom. Cutter and wife had been there this winter and, Mrs. C. seemed to think that he was "" in a trade and could not be taken in by Cincinnatti Jews, and as an evidence of it came back one day from Cin. with a Pinchkerk watch for which he had traded a gold one(?) He wanted to borrow money to enter into tobacco buying on a large scale, and at last borrowed money to get home with!. So much for Yankee sharpness. Love to all hoping that you are all well whilst I still remain, your Affectionate Nephew, Edward.
 
Soldier Shot through hip and leg left useless Letter

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This is a cool letter from a Union soldier in Campbell Hospital, Washington, D.C. It reports to his father a wound through his left hip/ groin going through bone to back and immobilizing his leg! He signs it "your son, Warner A, Saulsbery." There is a listing for Warren A. Saulsbury (sic) in the Index to Federal Service Records as serving in Company D 190th PA Infantry. However, the Pennsylvania Adjutant General’s Report states for Companies B, C, D and E of the 190th the following: “No muster-in or muster-out rolls for these companies are on file in the Adj’t General’s office.” Thus, he is not easily found in CW Databases. But based upon this letter, his name using Warner is being added to data. The empty bottom edge of back of letter was torn off in past, possibly to make a note. No writing missing. No envelope. Good penmanship in legible ink. Full text follows: "July 12th, Campbell Hospital. Dear Father. I received your letter of the 2nd and was very glad to hear from you. Mr. Culver tells me that Isack Summers has got home. So he is all right. About my wound the ball trapped in near the groin in my left hip going through the bone. I have no use of my leg. It has to be lifted off & on the bed whenever I want to move. About sending me some things. If you could send me some blackberry or raspberry wine it would be very acceptable for I think it would help strengthen me very much, a few strawberry preserves would not be bad to take and what ever other little notions you see fit to send would be thankfully received. there is a great deal of excitement in washington at present for the rebs are within five or six miles of the Capitol. with quite a heavy force estimated at 20,000. Our troops are on hand for them. they are having quite an engagement today. i can hear the booming of the artillery quite plain to day. The old Six Corps are thare fighting them and they are a hard lot of men to whip, that has been proven. I forgot to tell you that I have first rate care taken of me, the Nurses are all good boys and do the best they can but for all that I think my fighting is done up for the two or three years to come, the Doct says I wont be apt to have the use of my thigh for a year or two if ever I do. Well I can think of no more this time so I wil close by subscribing myself your son, Waren A. Saulsbery. Please accept of my best respects and write again as soon as you can conveniently, My Address is: Campell Hospital, 9th Ward, Doct. Sheldon in charge. Washington, D.C. H.F. Culver."
 
1863 Henry Marshall who later dies at Chancellorsville

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Letter from Harvey Marshall of the 114th Pennsylvania Infantry, Company H. Datelined 16 January 1863, Camp Pitcher, Virginia This pencil letter reads in full: "Dear Wife / I send you these few lines to let you know that the regt is going to march tomorrow morning we don't know where we are going to yet we have not got any pay yet nor god knows when but I am out of money and the sooner it comes the better for us all You must excuse the shortness of this I will give you more particulars in my next if god spares me to write again give my love to the children and all any every friends No more at present but remain your Husband Harvey Marshall." Marshall mustered into Company H on 22 August 1862. He was among the 114th Pennsylvania's many wounded at the Battle of Chancellorsville, and died of his wounds in an Alexandria hospital on 9 July 1863. Before his death, the regiment also had duty at Fort Slocum and fought in the Battle of Fredericksburg. Single page letter measures 5.25" x 8". Fine condition.
 
1864 Letter 7 Regiment CT Infantry Vols

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Four page letter from Charles L. Hewitt of the 7th Connecticut Infantry, Company E. from Bermuda Hundreth, Va to parents in West Winsted, CT. Accompanied by cover. Written in ink and datelined "Bermuda Hundreth, Va., Aug. 7th, 1864," letter reads in full: "Bermuda Hundreth, Va. Aug. 7th, 1864. Dear Parents. I received your letter of July 31st and was very glad to hear from you, and to hear that you was well as this leaves me at present I received the box the day before I received the letrter. The things came all right except Jim's and Sterling's Cheese that was mouldy, but mine came pretty good. It was moldy a little on the the outside. Some of the lemon came all right and some were rotten. Sterling's () were all spoilt. The rest of them were all right except the medicine, which did not come at all. We have some very hot weather with very little rain. We are not having duty quite so hard just at present. We have to go on picket once in four days and fatigue once in a while. New potatoes are 8 cents a pound, that is $4.80 per bushel at the sutlers; tobacco is $1.50 a pound, milk 70 cents a can, butter 60, apples as big as walnuts a cent a piece, so you see we feel the high prices here as well as there. We are not troubled with buying much for we have not seen the paymaster yet. We got orders on the sulter though. $2.00 ~ two dollars a month, which wont much more than get a good meal. I think I shall have to stop chewing tobacco. It cost most too much. I saw Jonas Leroy [Co. G, 117th New York] the night before the fight at Drewry's Bluff. Give him my best respects if you see him again. I hope to eat dinner within 5 weeks from today- just one month more to serve Uncle Sam and then I shall bid him good day and tell him that I want to settle with him. There is no news here at present. There was very heavy firing at Petersburg the other night, but I have not heard how it turned out. There was rumors afloat that the rebels blowed up one of our batteries and made a charge, but Gen. Grant found out that they were mining and built another battery in the rear of the one that they were mining and removed everything out of it, and when they charged they did more than give it to them… I don't know how true it is though. Give my respects to all inquiring friends. The boys all send their best respects. My love to you and mother and all the rest. Write soon. You won't have many more to write. from your son. Charles L. Hewitt." Hewitt mustered into Company E on 7 September 1861 and mustered out on 12 September 1864. During his service, the 7th Connecticut Infantry saw action at the battles of Fort Wagner, Olustee, Florida and Bermuda Hundred. Letter measures 5" x 8". Slight fading to ink, otherwise near fine condition.
 
1863 Letter after Capture of Raider Morgan

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Letter by Henry G. Sherman of the 23rd Michigan Infantry, Company D. to Brother William in Watsonville, Michigan. It is accompanied by its envelope postmarked Labanon, Ky, but without its stamp. Sherman writes shortly after the pursuit and capture of the infamous Rebel raider John Morgan. Text as Follows: "Lebanon, KY. Aug. 5th, 1863. Brother William. Having just arrived here and finding two letters in readiness for me which you had wrote one of July 12th and one of the 26th, I have wrote you a letter but a short time ago but you said that you were lonesome and I thought I might cheer you up… You said if you were able you would like to come and see me but I would never advise you to come if you had thousands of dollars while we are on the march all the time for there is no telling when we stop to day in one place where we shall strike our camp on the morrow, since the 4 th of July we have marched over one thousand miles by water and byrail besides we marched from Tompkinsville to Mumfordsville. You will remember that we were after John Morgan the Rebel. But I guess he will not bother us very soon again…but I am getting away from my subject what I was a going to say was that you must be aware of that disease called melancholy because it is one of the worst diseases in my opinion that the human family can have therefore be cheerful under all circumstances borrow no more trouble about my wellfare because you know the bible says that it is appointed unto man once to die and after that the judgements. so you see if I should be killed in this context while in the prime of life I should be contented if I only had lived a Christian life before the hours of death came. there are some things that makes me desire to return home again alive and they are these. if I should die while in the service my relatives would not receive receive the intelligence as I desire they should. I never want one single tear shed for me at my death and I do not want my friend to express such anxiety about me for I am but human and liable to die in a thousand different ways. but let them put their hopes in God who is able for any emergency but I must close this time. we shall leave here tomorrow I explained that sugar matter in my other letter. please direct as before. I am enjoying the blessings of healtyh and hope these lines may find you the same. this from your affectionate Brother, H.G. Sherman." Sherman mustered into Company D on 12 September 1862 and mustered out on 28 June 1865 as a Sergeant. John Hunt Morgan, whom Sherman discusses in his letter, led a series of raids across the Ohio River into Indiana and Ohio. Following a devastating counterattack by Union gunboats at Buffington Island in mid-July, Morgan and his remaining men surrendered on 26 July 1863 near Salineville, Ohio. During the following two years, the 23rd Michigan Infantry saw action at Kennesaw, Atlanta and Nashville. Ink letter, measuring 5" x 8", runs 3pp. Smudges and light toning. Near fine condition.
 
1861 Letter of Captain Blackhawk in Maine Cavalry

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This is an 1861 letter from a 1st Maine Cavalry regiment officer. Captain Black Hawk Putnam of the 1st Maine Cavalry, Company E. It has a great embossed image of a CW general with flag and patriotic motto on it as a letterhead. Text is as follows: "Camp Penobscot, Augusta, Nov 21, 1861, William Lord, Dear Sir. I received yesterday from you a nice box of Bees Honey. was glad to have the pleasure of eating some of the same for Thanksgiving dinner. I am under a thousand obligations to you for your generous gift. The boys hurah for Mr. Lord. we have a great day for feasting. the Ladies in this place provided Cakes Pies for the whole regiment. How is business in Houlton now? and how do they get along enlisting men for the glorious 15th. We are to have a great day in time here next Wednesday. There is to be an excursion from Bangor…When we shall leave this place I can not tell. We had orders day before yesterday that we would march to Portland and ship from there to South Carolina. today we had notice or in other words the Qtr Master had notice to buy or make contracts for fifteen days rations and that we would march soon to Providence when, where or how we will go I cannot tell. Yours in haste, B. H. Putnam… P.S. Please excuse all errors and hurried writing." Black Hawk Putnam was commissioned as a Captain into Company E on 19 October 1861 and was discharged on 19 February 1863. During his service, the 1st Maine Cavalry saw action at Bull Run, Antietam and Fredericksburg. A two-paged letter, it measures 5" x 8".
 
Letter from 2 Ohio Cavalry Soldier in Hospital to Mom

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Letter from Corporal Enoch Leavitt of the 2nd Ohio Cavalry, Company H. Accompanied by envelope to mother in North Fairfield, Ohio. Written in ink and datelined "Newton, General Hospital, Baltimore, Md. March 15, 1865." Letter reads in part: "Dear Mother…I made out to get out to the Dentists and got my teeth all fixed…two roots pulled out, my front tooth filled with Gold, the rest with tin foil. it cost in all twelve dollars…There is evidently a great deficiency in the present mail system especially about these hospitals…there is known to of been a great deal of thieving…there is now coming in to this hospital a lot of paroled prisoners, who are just released from their southern prisons. they look as if they had seen hard times. they have suffered all the horrors of actual starvation. they are now released many of them but to accept a lingering death. may those barbarous monsters yet be brought to justice for inflicting such horrible suffering upon those men. Mother I now have good prospects for getting into business in the clerks office of this hospital. I have obtained the influence of some prominent ones now in the office to work in my favor…We are still hearing good news from our armies. God speed on the good cause till every traitor shall be brought to submission…May the mercies of the widows God be with you…your unworthy son Enoch…" The 2nd Ohio Cavalry fought in Sheridan's Shenandoah Valley Campaign, Sheridan's Raid from Winchester to Petersburg, and in the Appomattox Campaign that paved the way for Lee's surrender shortly after this letter's writing. Enoch Leavitt mustered into Company H on 8 October 1861 and mustered out on 25 May 1865 at Baltimore, Maryland. Letter measures 7.5" x 10" and runs 2.5pp. Minimal foxing, otherwise near fine condition.
 
1861 Letter of a New York Soldier

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This is a four page letter from Thomas J. Walker of the 26th New York Infantry. Accompanied by envelope to cousin in Adamsville, N.Y. Written in ink and datelined "Elmira Barracks June 5th 1861," Text reads: "5th, 1861, Elmira Barracks June. Dear Cousin Albert. After a long long abscene I have taken this opportunity of writing to you. I suppose that you have forgotten me by this time but if you have I have not forgotten you althought I must own that I have been slack in writing to you. I will do better after this. Albert, I have joined the volunteers and are a going to fight for the Stars and Stripes and are at the rendevouies in Elmira I have been here four weeks now and like it first rate in our rough soldiers life I don’t know but you have done the same…If you do I hope that you will write and let me know wich regiment you are in and where you are staying. When I left home the family was all well and getting along first rate. Father has moved his store to Utica and is living near the Catholic Curch. He is doing very well I suppose that you did not know that Mary was married to ... They were married the 14th of April, 3 days before I came away and are keeping house down street. She sent me a box of provisions last week and I receive letters from home twice a week. Manty Jones is the same old girl she was when you was at our house I get a letter from her every week and have got her picture in my trunk and would not part with it for any money. Mary Williams is not married yet. Bailey is working three miles from Utica. Mary is in Jersey City to work. …Uncle Samuel is still in Watervill. I received a letter from him and it is a very kind one to when I left he gave me a very good revolver as a present wich will be put to good use in the South…as I was getting on the cars to come here I was presented with another very nice one by the hands in the Factory it will cost 12 dollars and if I should ever get a chance at Jeff Davis, I pity him… Albert I wish that you and Silus could come up here and see me in our camp. I should write to him if I knew where to direct. You must send me his adress so that I can before long. Give my best respects to Sarah and the rest of the folks down that way. Albert, I don't know whether you will get this or not as I have forgot where to direct. But I hope that it is right as I am very anxious to hear from you. and if you will write whether you get the particulars of this place in the papers if you dont I will send you a description of how we oldiers live. If you should get this before Sunday write on that day. It will get here sooner. I think that we will leave this place for the south about two weeks from now we have got our uniforms and arms and under marching orders. Albert I don't think of any more now, please remember me to Cousin Sarah and tell her that I should be happy to receive a few lines. I will write more next time. So good bye. Yours for his country. Thomas J. Walker. Ps. direct to thomas walker, Core of Capt. Brendle, Christman's Reg." Thomas Walker mustered into Company E on 21 May 1861 and mustered out on 28 May 1863 at Utica, New York. Before mustering out, Walker and the 26th were engaged in battle at Cedar Mountain, Second Bull Run and Fredericksburg. Letter measures 5" x 8". Fine condition.
 
Sergeant Major 16 New York shot in Salem Church

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An original CW letter from WIA soldier Henry Sweeney of the 16th New York Infantry, Company E. Accompanied by envelope to sister Sarah in Cooperstown, New York. (Where baseball hall of fame now is located). Datelined "1st Division Hospital 6th Corps Near Potomac Creek Bridge Station, Va…May 8th 1863." Sweeney writes while recovering from a wound received at Salem Church just days earlier. Text: "Dear Friends. I wrote you Wednesday afternoon and will write you again this afternoon. The shoulder has been very comfortable yesterday and today. It rained Wednesday afternoon. Sprinkled some today. Andrew has not got back yet and I think that he must have got sent to Washington. 65 of the wounded men here were sent there yesterday and I suppose that more will go tomorrow. I haven't heard anything different about the regiment. I believe there are about 200 wounded and missing. It was reported that the 6th Corps was all back in their old camp, and that those that wished could go to the regiment. I had a notion to start out but Bently thought I better not go. He went over to see and the lot of us were going back to the old camp this morning, but Bently did not find anything of the regiment at the camp so we did not go. It is reported again today that the regiment is back in camp but I do not suppose that it is so. I haven't heard anything more from Andrew or any of the rest of the boys that are not here and we can not find out what is going on over the Rappahanouck. We get along rather comfortably here though we are rather short on rations.but we shall have enough soon as they get straightened out, had such a sudden increase in the family here that they were not prepared for it, but Bently makes a first rate Nurse, and is a good fellow. They keep our wounds wet all of the time with cold water. Kline has got a pretty bad arm. It swelled badly but we any of us haven't got the blues. Wm. Kline is cracking jokes all the time and keeps us tough. He has got the worst wounds in the tent. At present there are eight wounded men in a tent built for two. If you could hear us laugh and carry on, you would not think there was much the matter of us… We would like to hear from some of the boys and know how it is with them and where they are. The Doctor has been around examining the wounds. He thinks the ball is in my shoulder, but thinks that it is nothing serious. I don't know when they are going to try to get it out. The doctor has amputated several legs and arms today. Bently takes good care of us and we are getting along as well as can be expected. It is getting so dark that I can't see to write. We have candles here. I must mail this soon as to have it go this eve. Much love to all. Henry. Henry Sweeney mustered into the 16th New York Infantry on 27 August 1862. Shortly after writing this letter, he transferred into the 121st New York Infantry, Company B, and eventually was discharged for wounds on 2 November 1863.
 
1862 Letter of Connecticut Troop mentions Gen Burnsides Sword

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This is a four letter from Corporal William L. Norton of the 10th Connecticut Infantry, Company B. to "Mother" in North Manchester, Conn. He was later wounded in action at Deep Bottom. Accompanied by patriotic envelope with New York cancelled stamp. Written in pencil and datelined, "Newbury N C / June 21st 1862," Text reads: "Newbury, NC. June, 21st, 1862. Dear Mother. I have just received your letter and was glad to hear from you & am glad to hear that you are a going to send me a box and if that letter that I sent does not reach you before you send the box I hope you will have the forethought to send me some lemons and sugar for there are darkeys around here every day with pails of lemonade to drink… and it looks tempting but it is to much 5 cents a glass but it makes a very good drink for the water here is not good for much without something in it. If we had a plenty of money we could get a great many things that would be good to put in to water such as strawberry syrup and rasberry and lemon syrup which costs 75 cents to a $1 a bottle. You say you want to know what kind of a climate we are in. Well the climate here I don't think is very good for the sun will be shining very hot all day and in the afternoon there will be a heavy thunder shower come up and be cold and chilly rain all night, sometimes to be cold and chilly att next day then the next day will be hotter than July at home but then I have had very good health since I have been here. The people here as a general thing are a pale sickly looking set as I ever saw except the negroes. They are healthy looking set of fellows and the reason why is because they work out in the open air and all the white men that work out in the open air have a healthy look and are healthy as can be expected for the state of the climate. They say that in order to live here any way they have to take quinine all the time. Last Friday there was a great review of the armey under Gen Burnside + an eight hundred dollar sword presented to him… Our regiment started about 4 o'clock and marched over to the review. it did not last long after the sword was presented to him. all of the different regts give three cheers for Burnside and the drums rolled. Then we marched by the stand (that he was on) by company and then we marched home. After we got across the river in to the city . it had rained very hard this side of the river but it had not rained a drop where the review, When we passed up through Pollack street I saw Dick Berry a standing there but I did not have a chance to say anything. Only to ask him how he was getting along. He has just come in here with his gun boat I suppose. Gov Stanly made a good speech to the rebbels up to Washington of this state. He is doing all he can to bring the state back in the Union. I suppose but I do not like some of his proceedings here in showing the collerd schools… Gen Burnside + Foster were in favor of the schools + gave there sanction towards it to but when Mr Stanly came here he put a veto on it + said it was against the state law of South Carolina…they had better wait untill NC comes back in to the Union before they begin to inforce the laws. But I can not do anything about it so I might as well close this letter. Give my respects to Parkhurst and the rest of the folks. Let me know how Mrs. Shone is getting along. Give my love to Father and Alice and tell them that I am all right. With much love I remain your son. Willie" Norton mustered into Company B on 9 September 1861 and mustered out on 7 October 1864. He was wounded on 14 August 1864 at the Second Battle of Deep Bottom, in which General Grant made a feint at Richmond in an attempt to draw General Lee’s troops out of Petersburg. Although the maneuver ended in disaster for the Union forces, nine months later the 10th Connecticut Infantry participated in the assault and capture of Petersburg. It also saw action at Whitehall and Secessionville. Letter measures 5.25” x 6.75”. Colorful letterhead of patriot holding US Flag on paper. Very minor soiling, otherwise near fine condition.
 
Joshua Aboard to U.S. St. Louis to Brother 1861

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A nice letter from brother Joshua aboard the US Ship St. Louis to his brother. Here is the text: US Ship St. Louis. August 20th 1861. Dear Ben, I wrote to you day before yesterday as the Steamer Rode Island has unexpectedly been detained. I add a few lines to go by the same convenance, we are looking anxiously for our relief and suppose we will sail for home as soon as the "Reb..." arrives. She was at Key West when the R.I. left there two weeks since, and would sail in a day or two for Fort Pickens. The Flag Officers had orders to send U.S. North as soon a vessel can be sent to relieve us. I think we have been treated shamefully. The ship should have been ordered north immediately after the reinforcement of pickens. She had been on station and the worst part of it, two years and three months and employed on the sickly Court of Nice fifteen months of this time. Officers and Crew suffering from the effects of the climate and long confinement on board ship. As we mistake of the effects of climate, we have sent home sick during the. At least one third of the ships company. We now have quite a number of men whose term of service has expired and who are fully intended to their discharge. Besides we have supported months since, now the ship was deficient in necessary articles to render her efficient and have made to supplu them but without effect. I mention this fact to you because many letters have appeared in this purpose from other ships complaining when not a line has been written from this ship. Referring to the subject as you may well believe I am much distressed about our dear mother and look anxiously for your letters. Your brother. Joshua."
 
1864 Letter 9 th New York Cavalry Sergeant

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Letter from Sergeant John Trusler of the 9th New York Cavalry, Company F, shortly before his capture as a POW. Datelined "Camp 9th NY Cavalry / Culpepper VA," 17 April 1864 letter reads: "Camp 9th N. Y. Cav. Culpepper, Va. Sunday evening April 14, 1864. Friend Lina, I secured your kind letter last evening and was glad to hear from you and hear you are all well as thank God it leaves me at present. Lina I think this is about the time you go to meeting at the School House if there is any there today. If you go I hope you will be good Gurl and not laugh in meating. It dont mean much like Sunday hear. the Brass bands are a playing all a round us I wish you hear them play thay sound first rate. thare is no news to write now but I think thare will be before long for I think the army will move us now as the weather will pirmit then we will have sum tall fighting to do that wont be quite so nice. do you think it will lose sum of us…I would like to of been at that Sugar party just long anuf to eat a few pounds of suger…and sea if I could find a good looking Gurl to go home with. Well I will have to stop writing as it is getting dark. Give my Best respects to your Father& Mother and expect the same yourself. Yours Truely, J. C. Trusler, Sergt. Co. F. 9th Cav. Write soon." Letter written shortly before the 9th New York Cavalry fought at the Wilderness, 5 May to 7 May 1864. During its three years of service, the regiment was also engaged at Chancellorsville, Beverly Ford, Brandy Station, Cold Harbor and Petersburg. Sergeant Trusler mustered into Company F on 2 October 1863 and mustered out on 17 July 1865 at Clouds Mills, Virginia. He was one of 300 Union soldiers taken prisoner at Cedarville, Virginia, in the battle of Guard Hill, 16 August 1864. Written in red ink, letter measures 5" x 8" and runs 3pp. Light scattered soiling and pinholes to creases, otherwise excellent condition. On back blank page, someoine was practicing their penmanship writing dates and "dear brother" in blue ink.
 
1863 Penn Man bails on Woman then the Army!

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Letter from Pennsylvania resident Louis Koch to former lover Miss Kate Greozinger in Reading, PA. Accompanied by cover. Written in ink and datelined "Scranton Dec. 13 1863, Dear friend Kate! I am realy ashamed, for having waited so long before sending a few lines to you but I will tell you how it come. I arrived at home on Friday the 20th of Nov. and on Sunday next I wrote a long letter to you, but I did not quiet finish it that day, nor have I finished it since, and so I have kept it in my pocket till today, and I have it set. When I came home I had a great many things to look after, I had that half finished letter in my pocket and I was always thinking about closing and sending it, although it would have taken but a few minutes to do it, I could not get at it, not that I was to lazy, nor that I did not have time, but several things happened which made me feel bad and unhappy. I have two Barkeepers and I have found out that one of them took some monaie out of the drawer, but I could not tell which one, so I discharged them both, and I got a young man from Philipsburg last nique. This and some other things bothered me a great deal, but I am getting over it now. I have thought of you every day, yes I can say every hour, I have seen you setting at home thinking sometimes: why don't Louis Koch write to me? But now, I wish you would write to me very soon and tell me what you were thinking of me and what you was doing since I have left you…Tell me how is your mother & sister, and when is your Brother going to be married, and other news of reading. After this I shall write often to you, and hope that you will excuse me that I left you wait so long. I have bought myself a substitute for $290 and am now free from military duty for three years. I have to close my letter for it is two o clok in the morning…Leter I will write you more. Give my best respects to your mother, sister & brother and hoping that you will write to me very soon. I remain your friend, Louis Koch." Letter measures 5.25" x 8.25" and runs 2.5pp. Slight separation at folds, otherwise near fine condition.
 
101-st Pennsylvania Regiment Soldier Letter

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Letter from Sergeant James A. Johnson of the 101st Pennsylvania Infantry, Company F. Undated pencil letter reads in part: "George, I am looking forward to a Brevet Lieutenancy, in which I can take a good position and a good salary, the same as that of a Second Lieutenancy. We have been exempt from guard duty, from appearance in Dress Parade and Camp Duty of all kinds for upwards of ten days, yet we will have to go on tomorrow. Several companies of our regiment have gone on to day. George, tis awful muddy here, worse than any of the Public Roads in Beaver Co… Our streets are awful and Heaven grant that it may soon snow- and stay frozen until we leave this camp for some place more pleasant. Shall give you a list of our Subordinate officers - Orderly, Thos. S. Nash, First Sergt, J.A. Johnson…Fourth Sergt M.W. Elliot, Commissary Sergt Will Hall, First corporal D.M. Ramsey, Second Thomas M. Barclay, Third James J. Wyman, Forth Jo F. Warwick, Fifth James Ramsey, Sixth Jacob Mininck, seventh Clark A. Hunter. Cal Morgan-Eighth. Private Secretary D. & D. Johnson to the Colonel. I do not think it all improbable that J. F. Warwick will be Regimental Post muster. I hope he will. I am studying hardat the Tactics and looking forward to a full commission. We have now gone through the schools of the squad of soldiers, the company, and the Battalion and we are now rapidly reviewing the same. My Love to Jennie & Milo. Regards to Rob & Son. And to you & Uncle. Special & affectionate regards. J. A. Johns." James A. Johnson mustered into Company F as a Sergeant on 19 November 1861. He was discharged for promotion on 8 December 1862 and commissioned into the 172nd Pennsylvania Infantry, where he rose to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel before mustering out on 1 August 1863 at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. Letter measures 5" x 8" and runs 2pp. Mild edgewear and slight separation to vertical crease. Near fine condition. No envelope.
 
Children die , husband enlists 13 Michigan Mechanics

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Civil War Letter with a neat Union patriotic cover dated 11 Sept 1864. Letter reads: "Sunday evening, September 1864. Dear Uncle, I sit down this evening to write a few lines to you. I presume you have heard of our affliction in losing our little ones. O, what a trial for a parent. to pass through two dear ones taken in 4 days. it sometimes seems a dream. but it is a sad reality. I miss them so much. But I know that our loss is their gain and I pray God to give me grace to be reconciled to his will. I am, going slowly. The rest are as well as anybody is here. There is a great many sick yet and a good many that cannot possibly get well. I never saw a time in all my life there has 40 persons died here in this little place…since the first of last January. You can hardly see a smile on any face you meet. It has taken all ages from one year up to 85 years old. I hope I may never pass through another such scene. And now I will tell you something that you have not heard of: Orin has enlisted he goes in the 13 Michigan mechanics & engineers regt. it is stationed on lookout mountain. They don’t have any fighting to do, they are building sawmills and other government buildings. He thought he had rather enlist that to stand his draft. He was pretty sure he would be drafted and now he gets 4 hundred dollars town bounty besides his government bounties, and he gets $19 a month, and I get 6 or 8 dollars a month from the relief fund. Now Uncle I want to ask a little of your advice. Now the children are gone and Orin is going next Wednesday. I shall be left almost alone and it seems as if I could not stay here any longer and I think some of coming back to York State. Now if I should come and should not go to housekeeping would you like to have Wally come and stay with you awhile, he could help you a good if you have no one, I would like to have him live with you a while. He ought to be on a farm. It would be so much better for him than it is in a village but I don't know how the times are there. If he could do enough to pay for his board, I would ask no more. I think I would be more contented there than I can be here alone. Will you please to write to me as soon as you get this and let me what you think of it. Orin wants I should come and thinks he will not come to Mich when he comes back from war. Aunt Mary what do you think of my coming back. I am not coming to be an expense to my friends for I can pay my way, but if I can get anything to do you know I shall be willing to do it. (On back) Dear Cousin Libbie. I can not write to you to night but I send my love to you all. O, how sad and lonely it is; it don't seem as if I should ever be my self again. but I hope I shall see you soon. Write to me as soon as you get this. Now Uncle do not forget to let me hear from you as soon as you can for I want to know what I shall do. So good night. From your Niece. To Uncle & Aunt Esty." The cover features bold, colorful artwork, with an image of drums, an eagle holding arrows, two flags, muskets, cannons, and 13 stars above the eagle and reads: "The Star Spangled Banner must be Upheld." 4pp. 5" x 8" with staining on the first page. Otherwise, in fine condition.
 
3 Mass HA Soldier Sick with bad Typhoid

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Hospitalized 3rd MA Heavy Artillery Soldier -- 1864 -- "…I had the typhoid fever and was dangerously sick for some time…I have got a swelling on my neck that has been there five weeks…" AUTOGRAPH LETTER SIGNED Letter from hospitalized soldier Erastus Pierce of the 3rd Massachusetts Heavy Artillery, Company E. Datelined 16 January 1864, Long Island, letter reads in part: "…I suppose you have heard that I am in the hospital. I have been here forty seven days. I had the Typhoid Fever and was dangerously sick for some time. There were four weeks that I could not walk alone. I did not know at the time I was so sick. The Doctor told me that I was getting along nicely and I thought it was so till the other day when he told me how I had been. the Hospital is made of cloth tents joined toogether…There are thirty beds in all. The beds are on each side with an aisle between just wid enough to walk in there are six nurses and two workmen, two Drs and one Chemist. The Chemist and Drs live in a house at one end of the Hospital. The house and the Hospital are joined too gether by an entry…I am well now except that I have got a swelling on my neck that has been there five weeks…I expect to get a furlough in four or five days…" The 3rd Massachusetts was assigned primarily to guard and garrison duty in defense of the Capitol. Erastus Pierce mustered into Company E on 18 September 1863 and mustered out on 18 September 1865 at Washington, D.C. Letter measures 5" x 8" and runs 3pp. Fine condition. Nice script.
 
1863 Massachusetts Infantryman about a Grand Review

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A nicely scripted ink five-page letter from a Union soldier named "Nile" to Molly. From 45th Massachusetts Infantry, so perhaps you could do research on CW Database to narrow down to a Nile in that Regt. Datelined 25 February 1863, Newbern, North Carolina." Text: "Dear Molly. Although I have not heard from any one but father since the 7th, I believe is letter dated then or there about, yet remains unanswered. I received father's letter dated the 20th which I wish you would acknowledge and for me to thank him for the boxes coming & their contents. I suppose they have come in the Tackee. I shall enquire for these tomorrow as they may have come up by tonights train from Morehead City. WE have had today an unusual show. I wish some of you had been here to enjoy it. Capt wales' and Lt. Hardy's wifes, Dr. Howe's Dr. K. Neelands wifes. Mrs Wales & Emmons have come safely to ... Last night on Dress Parade we were notified that the lines would be formed at 8 1/2 A.M. for a Grand Review of the 18th Army Corps. To do this our guard had to stand through today as it takes 1/2 of our effective men every day, tho other half were started off pinctually and when we arrived on the ground the other side of the Regt., we found to our satisfaction that in postion we now came at the top of the heap , being on the right 1st Brigade, 1st Div. under Genl. Palmer. He being absent, Col. Avery had the Div., Col. Codeman the Brigade. When the Brigades were all arranged within proper places we occupied a front extending from the camp ny the railroad to the woods beyond the 43rd. camp and there our Brigade was double on centre. Father will well remember the length of the field that we had so many troops left here after some 10,000 had been sent to Port Royal. The show commenced about 11 1/2 ranks being opened . We went through the prepatory examination and then had time while the Gen'l passed up the lines to smoke a cigar cortably. Then closed ranks and took up out march by Company front. Our band was complimented as keeping the best marching time and as consequence gave the Genl. a very good serenade this evening from which I have just returned. Our Men marched very well and this Regt. is considered here as one of the best drill and discipline. We could not make a very mellodeous show with 250 men but did our best. I should say we had at least 15000 effective men here in infantry and so much artillery as they could support. The line was at least 1 1/2 hours in passing a given point. We got home abt 2. the men rested about 4 1/2 hours and then were ...on guard. where they stay until tomorrow. Lt. Hardy was on guard when his wife arrived and was not relieved until tonight. Is that the Cup of Tantalus? I am in hopes will find the Dudley back at the pier. You can not surely have forgotten us during the last fortnight. They had had a very successful Ball at the 44th Barracks like the one we had at Fort Warren. I had a cold and did not venture out. I understand it was very successful. Flag was lent for the occasion. Gen'l Roster & Staff were present. I shall endeavor to be at the Opera & Theatricals. The Opera is written by Corpl Haines the correspondent to the Herald. There were some very pretty girls reported present and they rendered an account of themselves during the evening. Fair you well my own dear love, and with love to all fare them well. Nile." No envelope. Near fine condition. Has a little split along edge of fold on second page.
 
Russian Fleet Officers! 1862 CW Soldier Letter!

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A nice four page letter from Union soldier "Daniel" at Camp Sedgwick, Virginia to his lover Jennie A. Raworth in Pawtucket, Rhode Island. Text as follows: Camp Sedgewick Va. Dec. 16th, 1862 (less than week after Union disaster at Fredericksburg!) "Little Jennie, You may think that I am improving the evenings and so do I for what way can I improve the long evenings better than to sit and write to her whom is all my souls delight my little gal you shall not run to the post office for nothing this week I write this eve for I forgot to write all (that) I wanted to last night.. you little creature, you may think I write too much. and rather too often but Jennie darling I mean to write every time I feel like it. whether you like it or not... ha ha...I don't expect you to answer them all...but in the first place I forgot to tell you last night we was, our Corps Reviewed yesterday afternoon by Gen'l Mead accompanied by all the Russian Fleet Officers surely they were the poorest set of looking men I ever saw. They were all round shouldered looking fellows it might be caused by not being used to riding horseback They was dressed in dark clothing dress coats They all wore the jackatars cap and a set of daggers for side arms. they was about forty of them. the Admiral is a grey bearded old fellow and wore a piece of gold upon his shoulders. the rest bore nothing to show their different grades. It was a fine sight darling to one who never saw an army review to stand upon a rise of ground and see the entire corps march by in division front accompanied by the artilery. I mean to take thee yet if I return safely home where you can see a parade and review. Would thee not like to accompany me to such a place sometime? Well, Jennie, the report is now that we move in 3 days to Warrenton for winter quarters. I hardly expected to stay on this side of the Rappahoneck (river) this winter but we don't like to go. Very well for we have got a good tent. but we have to go about 2 miles for wood and before warm spring comes we would have to go 4 for it. Some say we are going back as far as Centerville and send the old troops home and reorganize the army of the Potomac. I believe some of the Batteries are ordered to Bailey's cross roads that is between Fairfax and Alexandria but all these army moves are only solved by time. It is very cold and very hazy looks much like snow now it is after and I must close. We getSundays mail tomorrow night and I expect to get a letter from my darkeyed girl. Now give my love to your kind parents. Tell them I hope to get partake of their welcome. Now Jennie for a short time, I bid thee adieu. From your true love, Daniel. (new Date) December 17th, 1862. Jennie, I did not get to mail this last night because it was too late and this morning it was storming at a fearful rate. So we had no roll call and did not get up in time to get it in time for to mail it. The few times the storm is yet unabated and I think it will continue so all night. I am on guard today but we stay in quarters only when out to post. I dont get very wet. On the contrary quite comfortable. No commissary old bread today and 4 of us have got 25 loaves so the army is of course in good spirits. this rain will probably delay the movement for some days yet to come so goodbye my darling. Daniel." Letter is accompanied by envelope with three cent Washington stamp. It measures 5" x 8". Ink a bit lightened over time but cool content!
 
26th Massachusetts Soldier Letter 1864

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Four Page letter from Elmore Dane of the 26th Massachusetts Infantry, Company F. Written in ink and datelined Readville, 5 May 1864, Letter reads in part: "Dear Wife, Hear we are in camp and are too remain here untill we are paid off and that will not be untill after the Regt has been got together. there are only 19 now in camp 2 are Sergeants and 3 Corperals. we are all promised a short furlough…we arrived at Beach Street Barracks about 11…we started about 2 and a 1/2 o'clock for this camp, wher we arrived about 1/2 past 4 P.M. It was rather a disagreeable night but it is useless too complain. the Die is cast and it is useless to cry for spilt milk so I shall try and make myself as comfortable and leave the event with higher authority…I expect Galen has gone out with the 30 Regt but am not certain. Sgt. Nickerson is going down too the Island tomorrow to get our recruits…tell Lydia not too be Discouraged but keep a stiff uper lip and look on the bright side…it is much better too go willingly then too be drafted…I hope there will be some sort of wind up this summer of this unnatural warfare all seem too be more dispondent then they were the first time out…thanks for all those kind favours that I have found in my haversack they come in very handy…too fill an empty belly…Kiss the babies for me and my heavens kindly smiles rest upon them…" The 26th Massachusetts Infantry fought at La Fourche Crossing, Fort Bisland and Winchester. Elmore Dane mustered into Company F on 18 October 1861, reenlisted on 5 January 1864 and was mustered out of Company A on 26 August 1865 at Savannah, Georgia. Letter shows light scattered soiling and some fading to ink. Excellent condition.
 
A letter JH Rutledge 60 Georgia WIA Fredericksburg

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This is a hand-written letter in ink by J.H. Rutledge of Whitfield County, Ga who was wounded in action at bloody Fredericksburg in 12/1862 and later died of disease in service at Richmond in 1864. This letter is dated 1861 and sent to ramily member in Chatanooga County, GA. Poor spelling in ink on light blue paper. The envelope is neat: sent from Danville, Va with "10 Due." The envelope lists his name, regiment and the receiver too. Text as follows: "December 22nd 1861" (Only three more Christmases in his life!) Dear... I now seet my self to write you th few lines to let you know theit I Am well it present and hope these few lines may. Rebeckah and find you enjoying the same like blessings. I have nothing of imfortance to write to you but I must write something. I receive your kind letter dated the 10 1861 with likely received into .... with pleasure. I was glad to hear from you all. I very thankfully received those things you sent. I weint you to sent me them chestnuts if you have not ett them up. I went you to sent mee ... me into other things tha you see... I ...of shoos or boots the health of the company is improving. I learn that you got the money I sent to you. the boys got here... unhurt so no one at present. but received your tonight. Brother. So farewwell. T.J. Rutledge. Dear Sister. I seet myself to write you a few lines to let you know that I am well at present. hope these few lines by Rebecah will find you all well. I learn that G. Ms Rutledge is sick. I have nothing of interest to write to you so I quit when this you see.../. mer throiugh many miles we must be. write soon. write all the news that you know it/ I must quit. I sent my best respec to you till I write you to tell. I bid you all farewell. T. J. Rutledge sent me those things when you get it a good to sent them." You know, we see a lot of Union letters with plain mediocre writing skills, but this letter makes it clear how some really poorly educated young farms boys from down South fought the war and died for the CSA cause!
 
1862 Letter to handsome whiskered Cousin Thomas

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This is a letter dated January 31st, 1862 by female cousin at home telling her soldier relative of her sheer joy at receiving a handsome photograph of said bewhiskered Thomas. She states she is not wise or capable of writing a good letter, but I sure as heck think she is a perceptive and eloquent person! Yes, what an inspired, poetic young lady, infatuated by life, war and her sweet-eyed Soldier Cousin Thomas! What feeling lurk there! The large sheet in yellowed yet easy to read, well-penned ink on it. It has separated at three of its folds. But otherwise sturdy. I might suggest future owner has it mounted with archival tapes to preserve it. (Sadly, no envelope to assist in determining who these two people were. Just two young explorers in the thread of life...) )Text is long but here it goes! Text: "January 31st, 1862. My Dear Cousin Thomas. Oh! Cousin Thomas! What shall I say to thee? How shall I ever thank thee sufficiently for the pleasure that I now feel? I am glad! glad! Glad! And thee has made me so. Before me lies a picture of a youth, a rather handsome youth, I judge, clad in the habiliments of One who has relinquished all the pleasures of Home and the Society of friends for the cause of his country. His face is one that one glance at does not satisfy you. But you turn to it again and again, never tiring. Those eyes so full of meaning seem to have an irresistable attraction. There is something swo earnest, so deep and so calm and composed, and withal a scarcely perceptible tinge of sadness in the look with which they regard you. So you could gaze on and on and on and never become weary of studying them. And what pretty whiskers and moustache he has! I'm glad he had this picture taken with that ornament upon his chin and upper lip. I do so admire whiskers and moustaches that is when they are pretty. I don't admire ugly ones! And these are pretty in the picture at least. Well, this picture which I'm talking about, and which I stop to look at about every half minute came last evening, all safe & sound so far as the picture was concerned, but the glass was cracked clear across toward the lower part- but that makes no difference now, for I have got it all fixed up. Thee will probably not think of doubting my word when I say that I have several other pictures of persons belonging to "the bearded fraternity" well, I took one of these out of the case and after changing the glasses and putting one what wasn't broken over cousin Thomas' face I deliberately & maliciously put him in the case and left 'tother feller's out. with a broken glass over him too. I wonder what he would think if he knew how I have dealt with that pretty picture he gave me! There is nothing wrong in the way I have done though! I think that even he would have to acknowledge that. I look at it in this light. He is not my cousin, nor any relations whatever! This is Consideration No. 1. (Consideration No. 2 is Charity begins at home. Putting that and that together I can but come to the rational conclusion that I must serve my relations first, and then if there is anything left serve others. So, there being a broken glass, and no case left, after supplying my cousin Thomas with the appendages requisite for forming a perfect picture! I have served my friend to no case and a broken glass! Now, is not the verdict "Served him right?" So the picture lies before me all "did up" in style as I write. And I write a word or two, and then look at it, and then look at it, and I write a word or two, and so on... at this rate I expect I'll soon get a long letter written. And suppose I should kiss the picture of my cousin sometimes. And suppose Emily should laugh at me just a little as she sits by and sees all my motions and maneuvers! Well suppose I do! And suppose she does. Whose business is it~ nobody's, he's my Cousin! And now, Oh Cousin of mine with thy calm eyes gazing earnestly, truthfully into mine, thy soldier-like apparrel reminding me constantly of the life of peril, danger and uncertainty that is thine to lead. Let me tell theee now lest in the dim uncertain future my hand may be powerless to write it. I thank thee! I thank thee, I thank thee a thousand times, and that does not half exress all that I feel, but we'll let the subject drop here. and I'll go and lie down to rest my weary brain and body for I'm still weak. I suppose thee will have heard ere this reaches thee that I have been sick. I'm very tired having written all this without stopping to rest any length of time. So I will have to take a big rest now. Saturday morning. I wrote the above yesterday forenoon. when I stopped to rest. I fully expected to write some more in the afternoon but I found I had already written quite as much, and a little more than my head could bear patiently. So I did not dare to write anymore yesterday. But I accomplished a great feat of another description~ I walked out some twenty yards perhaps from the house and back again all myself! which was the first time I had been out on the ground for between four and five weeks! The girls wrote to thee a week ago and I suppose they told thee that I have had the fever. I wanted to write some when the wrote but I did not feel much like it. and it was better for me not to try. I have been improving since then as fast as I could conveniently. I expect I will soon be able to do most anything. Go to war for instance, and march about forty miles a day without anything to eat, and sleep on the ground at night with a stone for a pillow, and the sky for a covering, and a little rain falling on me to keep me from sleeping too soundly. Rather a hard picture of Soldier's life that, isn't it? I hope not a very true one though~ O, when will this war end, I wonder? So all "our boys" can return home and lead a happier life! Pretty soon, I hope, though there has been but little cause to hope for it yet. Though of late there has been some appearance of having something done. There has been one good thing done in Kentucky! That of sending (General) Zollicoffer to his long home. We received a letter from a Cousin in Ky, day before yesterday in which he said he had seen Zollicoffer dead. Our cousin was not in the battle. He was a little too late getting to the scene of action to take part in it. So I suppose there is not doubt but Zollingcoffer is really dead. Sometimes I think these rebels are men and maybe it is wicked to rejoice in having them killed but I do not see what else is to be done with them, and besides, they'll all have to die sometime, and they might as well die now and be done with it. Oh, this is a great mess of stuff I am writing, isn't it? I do wish I could write a decent letter, don't thee? I expect it would please thee almost as much as it would me, for I know thee would much rather have good letters than those that are not good. (Anybody would and I don't expect thee is so different from other people that thee would prefer a different kind of letter.) Oh, Cousin Thomas, I would like to see thee! When the wasn't a soldier and talked of coming here, I had a curiosity to see thee. but I did not care particularly about it for I did not take any particular interest in thee. Didn't know anything about thee. And did not know I ought to want to see thee. But now~ I feel just as though I was pretty well acquainted with thee, and had seen thee many a time but had not seen thee for a good while, and wanted to awful bad! And I'm very impatient for this war to be finished up, so thee will come and see us! I know thee would have come long ago if thee had known what nice cousins thee has here. Now that's so, thee knows it is! After all, we are not very exceedingly nice girls though a great many people think we are. Oh, yes, Emily & Lizzie are very nice and very smart too. especially Emily. She is swful smart, indeed she once had the name of "Papa's smart daughter" given her by a young man who had never seen her, but I had told him a great deal about how smart she is. And we frequently call her by that name. Lizzie and I are quite lacking compared with her, though Lizzabeth is a right smart girl when Emily is not about. And then, Lizzie is good looking but I have outgrown that long ago. And I never was smart. Nobody ever accused me of that. Whatever else they might lay to my charge. I have got a long tongue in my head, and in that I would rather do something that would be of some use to somebody. But it so happened that I was neither "useful nor ornamental" except I might as well go to war if some nice young man would only come round, getting up a company of girls. There was a young man who formerly resided about five or six mile4s from here and who is in the Army, at home recruiting in October. He came here and said they wanted a Regt. of girls and he was going to get up a company about here. He asked me to go, and I told hiim I would. and then he~ I do not know what you soldier folks call it! I called it "sweared" me in~ but he did not take me, I expect he knew I would not be of any use. The same young man, I hear, is out recruiting again. I do not know whether he is coming home or whether he is going to recruit in some other direction. If he comes home maybe he will take me this time. and then I will go down and help take... (second page missing for there is no conclusive line or signature)
 
1864 Letter from 18 New Hampshire Soldier home

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Letter from Corporal Dwight L. Herrick of the 18th New Hampshire Infantry, Company C. Accompanied by cover. The letter text itself reads thus: "City Point, VA. December 13, 1864. Dear Sister. I now seat myself to answer your welcome letters. Was not aware it had been so long since I see in need of yours, until looking at it to day. As for myself am getting nicely. am well with the exception of a bad cold, the first one that I have had since I came to VA. am getting better of it. I recieved my things all right. that pie was splendid but the pickles rather went ahead. they were just the thing. you can tell them the rest that is the expressions of gratitude better than I can put it on paper. How do you get along with your school. that was sad about Tolman. I pity his wife but not him a bit. I supose you see what his hart was. that led her to place so much confidence in him. you selected the letters she wrote to you that you showed me while he was in the army(you can't always tell. at least she found it so as ... we are still at work with the pick and shovel. recieved a letter from home this morning also one from Julia. I should think New Boston was trying to see what they coulod do. it won't be able to hold all of them much longer. But I must close as I think of nothing more that would be of interest to you. Hope you will excuse my pen write. yours Dwight. ... a word of Frank and the rest. that Chicken was bully it was very kind in you to remember me… The inside was what took the sag off Seansa one of our Serg. had a bite at that cake. I think O have got him trapped. shall bring him home with me so look out but you must excuse this paper as this morning I had 8 letters to answer and am pretty much used up in the writing line. Write soon all hands. Your Dwight." The 18th New Hampshire assisted in repulsing the attack on Fort Steadman, and participated in the assault of Petersburg. Herrick mustered into service on 31 August 1864 and mustered out on 10 June 1865.
 
1864 E.S. Elliot Letter to wife from US Hospital

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This is a one page, two-sided letter written on September 17th, 1864 by E.S. Elliot to his wife. He was recuperating in a "U.S. General Hospital." Here is the letter text. His crammar is not very good: " U.S. General Hospital, Sept. 17 th, 64. Dear Wife. I again attempt to sentence my thanks to you for your kind favor of the 11-th which I received last night. It found me as well as common and still in the same place I was & was pleased to heare that your health was good again and your gritt good. I was quite uneasy yesterday for fear you was worse. My not getting my letter as soon as common. The Wether is very plsent and I started cooking very well. Better than I thought I should. We are not having quite as much to do as we did. They have sent a good many off but we expect lott soon from the frount. We had had another battle. I am glad your pig is growing to suit you. I hope nothing will befall him. Also your gardeing bids fare to help you through the last winter. We will err be separated from euchother until death. This is my mind. We must be patient. Take all things cool. Keep up the best of courage and time can ony tell. I am sorry to hear of so many deaths up there among you. Fear Wife, I know you are lonsum away there alone as we might say alone. And if I thought it should not make you worse... I would after my opinion of those meatings but I can not see anything in them with theas few poor remarks I will enclose my love in this and ask you to receive it, for it is all I can send you at present. Give my best respects to all enquiren friends. Good Bye to you all. I remain as ever your true and kind E.S. Elliott."
 
1864 Letter from Lusie to Arlon Sabin Atherson 3NH

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This is a 4 page letter written from Lusie M. Caldwell to Arlon Sabin Atherton who was a First Lieutenant in 3rd New Hampshire. Wounded 8/16/1864 at Deep Bottom, VA and made a prisoner till paroled 9/15/185. Became Captain in May 1865. I wonder why Lusie asks him at end of this letter to please destroy all her letters after reading them??? Text follows: "Warwick, Dec. 4th, 1864. Dear Friend Arlon, I received your letter of last Sunday on Thursday afternoon and was very glad that you reached Annapolis in safety and also that your arm is gaining. And I hope it will continue to. I sent a letter to you the same day that I got yours but did not put on "Officers General Hospital", but perhaps that will not make much difference about your getting it. I have been to meeting all day. Mr Humphrey of Winchester is expected to preach in two weeks. I am real glad for I like to hear him very much, I wish Mr. Blanchard would exchange a great deal oftener than he does; Your Grandmother Addie and William were at church. Abbie Goldsbury staid with Addie last night and came down with them today. I believe I wrote in my letter that Mary Morgan was going to be married on Thursday but she told me today that she will be married on Wednesday instead. I have heard that I was going to have an invitation to the wedding but have received noe as yet. She and her intended called here last Friday. He is rather good looking, I could not tell much about appearance as they made a very short call. Nellie scalded her left hand pretty bad on Friday so she has not done much work since. I tell her it was lucky it was not her right as Warren would have to go without his letters or else she would have to learn to write with her left. What king of Thanksgiving did you have? You speak of the Paroled prisoners. I should think it must be a heart rending sight to see most of them. I have read accounts of them, their sufferings. And in the papers, it does not seem as though men who are civilized could be so cruel to our brave soldiers. They may repent of it sometime. I suppose you get plenty of papers to read, do you not? Do you think there is any probability of you getting another furlough? I expect to teach this Winter, but Mr. Cook said I might have the school if I wanted and so I concluded to take it. Julia was at home today, she likes teaching very much, has a very pleasant boarding place. Gracie says she wishes Arlon was at home for she wants to go up and see him for he asked her to when he was here. While I was at Athol, I went in and sat for some photographs but I don't expect it took good, for he said he would send proof on Thursday and I have not received it yet so I conclude they were not good. I hope you will write whenever you can and not wait for me as I suppose I shall not have very much time. Nellie sends her regards to you and says whenever you can make it convenient, if you choose, to answer her letters which she wrote before you came home she would be very happy to hear from you. There was a benevolent meeting at Mr. Abbie's Wednesday~ though I believe I wrote in my last there was one. Nellie and I went. There were not many out, but one had a pleasant time; Alvan came back from Boston yesterday. I have written about all I can think of, I guess, for this time and will close by saying good night. Please accept my best wishes for your health and prosperity. A remain as ever, Your Sincere Friend, Lusie M. Caldwell. I shall expect to hear from you again soon. Please not show my letters and I would like to have you destroy them after you have read them. Pleae excuse the mistakes in this. Lusie."
 
14 NH Soldier 1864 Civil War Letter Carrollton, LA

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Very interesting 4 pp. original letter dated Carrollton, Louisiana, May 3 1864, from CPL Daniel C. Currier, Company "I," New Hampshire 14th Infantry Regiment, who is in the hospital at the time, to his parents in Grantham NH, reads: Dear Parents, I send you a letter to day but I thought I would pen a word more to day and finish this at another time. I have just been over to the store a few rods off to get me some honey. It is twenty-five cents a pound. I have has four or five pounds. I have it to eat on my bread. It goes pretty well. Then I buy ail to drink; that costs twenty-five cents a canteen full. I have bought four or five canteens full. So you see it costs me something to be sick. But I had as ...pay it out for that as anything else. We have no news here. We can't get it as readily, as when we were in Washington. I guess I won't write any more now. May the 6th 1864. I will pen a word this P.M. It is pleasant and fair. The G[rantham] boys are all well, as usual. I am on the gain, but slowly. I have have heard it rumored that Gen [Nathaniel P.] Banks was going to be superceded by Gen [Daniel E.] Sickles. They are doing about the right thing in some of the Western States, going to risk a hundred thousand men for a hundred days. That looks like doing something before long. I expect we shall have a mail tonight. I shall look for a letter any how. I sent a letter out in the last mail. They have had some pretty hard talk in Congress, I should judge by the papers. Such men I call Rebels. Such talk is fit only to be uttered at Richmond. If such men are suffered to remain in the Halls of Congress, Jeff Davis and his herd had better be invited to sit there also, for they are the most honorable of the two. But enough of that, for this time. It is quite cool and comfortable this P.M. Boats go up and down the river, now and then. I would like to be in N.H. Election Day "Indeed I would now." Perhaps I would call up to Gratham and see the folks. We get no war news here and finally no other. So I don't know what to write. I guess I will stop here until I can find something to write. I guess that would be best way. May the 7th 1864. It is pleasant and fair. I am still on the gain. I have just been sweeping around the Hospital for exercise. One steamer came up with soldiers this morning. Our Reg't are going to have a battalion drill today, they say. The Major is in command. He is pretty strict. They all have to have white gloves to wear on duty. They are doing guard and picket duty now; and they know [how] to do that, I reckon. At least they think we do down to the city. The boys are all as well as usual. We did not get any mail last night but expect some to night. There is no news here that I know of. I will close now for this time. So good bye. Give my love to all enquiring friends. Write as often as you can. From your son, Daniel C. Currier. This sprig is annece, the roots are what the essence is made from (no longer present. No envelope. Excellent condition. Daniel C. Currier of Grantham NH enlisted at age 21 on Aug 20 1862, as a Corporal, and was mustered six days later into Company "I," New Hampshire 14th Infantry Regiment. Currier was reduced to a Private on Jun 17 1864 because of disability, and reinstated to his original rank on Oct 1 1864. He finally was mustered out of the Service on Jul 8 1865 at Savannah, Georgia. The 14th NH had been stationed at Washington DC and Virginia until Mar 1864, when they were ordered to New York City, where they sailed on Mar 20 1864, for New Orleans, Louisiana. From there his regiment saw duty at Camp Parapet, Carrollton, Jefferson City and along Lake Ponchartrain, until Jun. On Jun 7 1864, they were ordered to Morganza LA, to be transported to Fortress Monroe, Virginia, then to Washington DC. From Washington the regiment travelled to Virginia, then joined [Union GEN Philip H.] Sheridan's Shenandoah Valley Campaign, subsequently fighting at the Battle of Winchester, Fisher's Hill and Cedar Creek, eventually returning to Washington in Jan 1865, and from there were sent to Savannah, Georgia, where they provided occupation duty until May 6, with a short side tour at Augusta GA from May 6-14 1865, returning to Savannah in Jun, and being mustered out there on Jul 8 1865. CW Database printout on soldier included. Excellent condition.
 
54 Ohio Soldier to brother who later dies in War

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Letter from Sidney Hewitt of the 54th Ohio Infantry, Company B, to his younger brother Smith Hewitt, who had recently enlisted in the 123rd New York Infantry. Letter is written in ink and datelined "Camden Oct 19 1862." Text: "Dear brother I received your letter last nite which brot me the news that you was in the service of you country, and it was news to me as I have not heard from home since the middle of may last. I guess that father and mother has forgot that they have got such a son for I have write four or five letter and have not got but two since I left there last fall. We are all well but I have the rumatis so bad some days that I cannot hardly git up. when I am down I have been doing my own work ever since I got home last fall. Now Smith as you are in the armey try and take care of your self the best that you can and ceep yourself clean and nice for that is the best way to preserve your health and above all do your duty at all times and obey all of your Officers and by that you will gain the good will of them. James Robert talks about you often and says he went to see you. Smith if you live to come out of the service I want you to come and see us. I hope these few lines may find you enjoying good health. so good bye for this time. rite as soon as you get this and I will answer. This is from your brother and friend. Sidney Hewitt. Smith Hewitt. N.B. Write to me who is your captain and officers. Sidney Hewitt served in the 54th Ohio Infantry, which was organized in 1861 and mustered out of service on 15 August 1865. His brother Smith Hewitt, 11 years his junior, mustered into the 123rd New York Infantry on 4 September 1862 and died just three months later, on 18 December 1862, at a Hospital in Harper's Ferry, Virginia. Letter measures 5" x 8" and runs 3pp. The letterhead shows an image of girl crying as soldier leaves her "The Girl I left Behind." There are verses in light red beside it: He turn'd and left the spot. O do not deem him weak; For dauntless was the soldier's heart, though tears were on his cheeks; Go, watch the foremost ranks to danger's dark career; Be sure the hand most daring there has wiped away a tear."
 
1863 Letter 53 Mass Soldier Sextus Goddard to Wife

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Letter from Sextus P. Goddard of the 53rd Massachusetts Infantry, Company F. Datelined "Baton Rouge La. March 9th 1863," Goddard writes as the regiment embarks on operations against Port Hudson. Text: Dear Wife. We left Camp Kearny on the 6th in a violent rain storm… When we reached the boat we were soaked to the skin. Our company were detailed to load the boat which took several hours, you may imagine that we were wet by night. I slept on the floor without any blanket that night in the morning when I waked up I found that a barrell of Pork which stood near, had sprung a leak and I was lying in the Brine. We had a safe passage to Baton Bayne, arrived there on the evening of the 7. Disembarked our... and marched 2 miles to our present Camp which is in the middle of a Forrest of Cotton Wood and Bay Trees. This morning we had orders to take 7 days Rations and be ready to march at 5 this afternoon. We are to take 100 rounds of amminition to a man and our Blankets. Our Knapsacks and all clothing except what we wear is to be left behind. We are within two miles of the Rebel pickets and about 12 over land from Port Hudson. There are about 40,000 men here. We expect we are bound for Port Hudson but do not know. My health is splendid. It never was better. Mr. Chamberlin and Chaffee are at Camp Kearney with 13 others who were not able to come with us. You may not hear from me again for some time, as I can not take my paper with me. But trust in the Lord, Dear Wife and believe that I shall do my duty. Take the love that you know is yours, although I may be far away. May we both be spared to each other for many years. And may we both so live as to be saved in heaven at last. Yours in much haste. Sextus." Three weeks later their Regiment fought at Fort Bisland and shortly thereafter was engaged at the lengthy Siege of Port Hudson. From 14 June until the surrender of that Confederate stronghold on 9 July. The regiment remained at the front, losing 18 killed and 68 wounded en route to that significant Union victory. The capture of Port Hudson gave the Union unfettered access to the Mississippi from its source in New Orleans. Sextus P. Goddard mustered into Company F on 17 October 1862 and mustered out on 2 September 1863.
 
1863 Pennsylvania Cavalry Soldier Letter

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Letter from Lewis Koch of the 20th Pennsylvania Cavalry, Company D. Datelined "Great Cacapon Depot / Oct. 4th 1863," Koch writes of a post-Gettysburg cavalry chase of Lee's invading army. Text as follows: Dear Miss, It with the greatest pleasure that I am seated here to day to let you know that i am well at present and hoping those few lines many find you enjoying the same. I am sorry to say that I did not sooner. Further I will state to you about my soldiering. Playing soldier is not what it is cracked up to be although I like it very much. I saw more than ever I expected to see. the time the rebels made a raid in Penna. we were in Harrisburg at Camp Couch. before they left the state our Regiment was sent after them. we took them through Greencastle double Quick & on to Williamsport. there they crossed the river and at the place called falling waters there they had a pontoon bridge across the Potomac. when we got there they had not all crossed yet. We cut the bridge loose on this side, drownded most all men and horses that was on. We encamped on the banks of the Potomac. there we had neither feed for our horses and rations for our selves. we stayed there two days. took up line of march…and marched to the place called Clear Spring in Maryland. there we encamped and stayed 6 weeks then took our line of march for Sir Johns Run, Va. they detailed our company as provost guard. Our company is stationed 4 miles above the former place, the place called Great Cacapon Depot…it very fine place. it is we have winter quarters now. Nine of us bonks in one tene. it very comfortable in there. F. lt. Hershy is cooking for the company. I tell you Mary, the girls are very shy in this part of the world, not like in Slabtown if you mind. Yet we have only 2 month and a half to stay yet, then we will be free. if we get back to Pennsylvania again, wont I have a fine old time then. We go out Scouting. Still most ever ever other day. Start in the afternoon and march all night. Souting here is not like at home after the girls. When you write tell me when you heard of Sammy last and Martin and all the news aqbout home. I wrote a letter to Susan and have no answer yet whether she got it. I can not tell. I must bring my letter to a close for this time. Excuse all blot and mistakes. write soon. don't fail. By so doing, you will oblige your friend Lewis Kook. I sent my love and best respects to you and all inquiring friends. Direct your letters to: Lewis Koch. Great Cacapon Depot, Morgan Co. Virginia via Balto. Com. D. 20th Penna. Cavalry. From L. Koch to Mary & Lizzie Ginter. Good Bye. /Remember me, When this you see, So many miles apart we be. Louis Koch." During Lee's invasion of Pennsylvania, detachments of the 20th Pennsylvania Cavalry served on scout and picket duty at the fords of the Susquehanna and along the roads to Carlisle, York and Marysville. Koch mustered into Company D on 23 June 1863 and mustered out on 6 January 1864 at Harrisburg, Virginia.
 
1861 Letter of Illinois Soldier about Patriotic Fervor

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A nice four page letter from James D. Walden of the 19th Illinois Infantry, Company K. He references the Battle of Lexington which helps to date this letter to the Fall of 1861. Text as follows: "Mr. Samuel Black. Dear Remembered friend. I am exceedingly glad to find by your very kind letter that you remember an old friend in absence as well as present. I often wonder if all our old students have forgotten us and what is the reason that they do not often write to us. There is nothing that makes the soldier's heart throb with patriotic emotions so high as to receive the encouragement of those he holds to be his friends at home. If they get the idea once ... that those who are enjoying the sweet blessings of home and friends of fathers mothers sisters and wives, and darling little ones, do not care for them they will soon relapse from the proud daring chivalrie Soldier to the machine without spirit or life to impel them to deeds worthy of names of the great Revolutionists of '76. but with letters teeming with good wishes and kind regard the boys rally and seem like giants who are willing to dare and die to make or leave a name of which their living friends will be proud to speak. and cherish as long as the word liberty shall have a chord. Sam you must excuse me for writing no news; for the reason that there is nothing new here. We are worried to death about the Lexington affair and if that loss is not quickly retrieved, our men will lose confidence in their leaders and this whole summer's work will be lost. That affair told sadly on the "morale" of our Regiment. We are gradually getting over it, hoping to hear some great good news soon. The 17th Regt. is incamped with one Cavalry Com. and part of an Artillery Com. guarding the Ky. Shore just below Cairo. We have a battery here of 2 32-pounders and 2 24 prs and 2 6 pr field pieces. It is thought that the rebels intend to all attack this and Birds Point soon. If they do you will hear from Com. K in honor dead or alive. I want you to rout every vestige of "Sesech" in your diggins, or if we find it there when we return, the rallying cry will be down with the traitors and off with their Sympathizers. They are now skirmishing over on the Missouri shore as is frequently the case. I hear a volley of musketry and now all silent. The rebel pickets grow bolder every day. I must close as it is after Midnight. Remember me to all who profess to be my friends. Give my best wishes to your wife, and ask Buncham why he did not answer my letter. Write soon and give us the news. You need not be uneasy about letters reaching us. If they are directed to Co. K, 19th Ill. Vol. they will surely reach us some time. Good night. Believe to Ever Remain your friend. Jas.D.Walden." James D. Walden mustered into Company K on 17 June 1861 and mustered out on 9 July 1864. The 19th Illinois Infantry saw action at Stone River, Chickamauga, Chattanooga, Resaca, Dallas and New Hope Church.
 
1862 Soldier Letter Sextus starting for Gulf

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A nice letter from Sextus P. Goddard of the 53rd Massachusetts Infantry. Datelined "Franklin Barracks Dec. 19th, 62." Letter reads: "My Dear Wife. Strange are the circumlocutions which this regiment has made and each as it comes grows stranger than the last. All day yesterday we lay with steam up ready to start for the gulf of mexico with quite a fleet of other vessels all ready and waiting for us. At last about two P.M. we signaled for a pilot, having obtained one, we waited for our Col. At last he was…coming in a boat. Our whistle then told the other boats that we were ready. some of them starting passed us on their way. As our Col. stepped on the deck the Capt. standing on the wheel house gave the order to weigh anchor, up came the iron which held us still, the whistle sounded and we almost started for Dixie. But just then our Col. rushing forward handed the Cap. paper. glancing over it for a moment, his voice rang out clear strong, let go the anchor. And so our course is changed. The fact is the medical director would not pass the ship with the 53rd on board on account of the Scarlet Fever, so we disembarked last night. We expect to go to Staten Island to stay until it is over with. How long this will be I cannot tell. Or whether we shall join [General] Banks at all. The work of the Lord is wonderful and his ways are passed finding out. Yours in truth. Sextus." The 53rd Massachusetts did join General Banks, leaving New York 17 January 1863 and arriving in New Orleans 12 days later. The nine month regiment saw action throughout the 48-day Siege of Port Hudson, suffering casualties in the fight for the Confederacy's last fortification on the Mississippi River. Sextus P. Goddard mustered into service on 17 October 1862 and mustered out on 2 September 1863 at Groton, Massachusetts.
 
1864 Letter4 New York Heavy Artillery Soldier

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Four page letter from First Lieutenant Henry Richmond of the 4th New York Heavy Artillery. Written in ink and datelined "Fort Marcy, Va. February 10th 1864," letter reads: "My Dear Hamet, Yours of the 4th & 5th came to hand in due time Monday 8th affording me much pleasure, as I had been writing with anxious expectancy for two or three days. I dont know whether I can answer all your questions or not~ but will try to answer in order to gratify your curiosity. I enjoyed the 'ball' or 'hop' in a high degree…I danced to figures ony, the Lady was a Miss Amanda Crocker brought there by Mr. & Mrs. Church and introduced to me for protection during the evening. I found her to be highly social abnd very interesting~ was good looking~ light complection, auburn hair, large blue eyes~ in form & size, small and a perfect figure; on the whole a 'polished Diamond.' The supper was discussed in a genteel manner and elicted much praise & compliment from the little miss. On ascertainting that I was a married man with '11 children' she seemed much disappointed. Yet she said I was 'very much of a gentleman' and didn't care if I was married. I will tell you the rest some other time, if this does not satisfy your curiosity. In regard to money, I can get along pretty well until next pay day by letting my board run behind until that time which I can do just as well as not. Still if you should succeed in getting any of the .... and have it to spare you may do so. Have Carver bring you 5 cords of wood and have Hadley put the pump in. I am sorry you did not get my letter I sent by Sergt Bruce Herrington on the 28th of July> Addison contunes to feel contented and is in the enjoyment of good health~ if he does not think to speak of our health dont be concerned on that score, if anything is the matter it will be mentioned. Hayford gets no worse~ his name is forwarded for discharge. I am sorry you begin to feel 'old age' creeping upon you. I feel myself as if the 'poetry of life' was giving place to 'stern reality' why should not I, when I think of "Bloomers" and the like. I hope you can soon begin to ease up on your labors, at all events I would occasionally get help to do a large washings and big jobs of heavy work. I cant bear the idea of your growing old. as for myself, I know the years are creeping on with their contributions of cares and pains and disrupting influences~ this I expect with the changes incident to my life. A well ordered life will do much to prevent a .... premature old age. this shall be my study & aim~ but to lose the ideal of my youth and manhood in a rheumatic old woman in un-fashionable "Bloomers" is horrifying~ excruciatingly mortifying. Let use both then aim at a youthful outward appearance: and with hearts still untouched by gloomy tiding of dispair or ugly hues of jealousy, we can be ever young~ ever hopeful~ ever happy. You will see I have enclosed my Valentine, expressive of my real sentiment. How do you like it? Tell me in your next. I have not had an opportunity to get anything... for the children. It is possible ... will find one tomorrow so as to send in time. He has a good many letters to read and does well in answering them all. we both are feeling tip top. Tell grand mother her cake has just given out. "Ad" gets along first rate without ... or whining. the coffee is good. enough bread & meats, beans & soups; on the whole he is agoing to stand the fare well. I offewred to let him board with the Sergt. when they take the rations & cook them in good stile for .... her week, a vey good table. But he is too saving to do it. said he had rather have his $6 every pay day than the board. I dont know of his spending a cent at the Sutlers' yet. I appreciate the advice of yourself & Sarah to him. It serves to nerve him up and make him helpful. Continue to do so. Give this ten center yo Saul to but the "Nick Nack" or use as he pleases. Tell him to not misuse the cow but take good care of her. Sarah let me hear from you. Your letters are always acceotable. My love to you all. Addison wishes to be remembered to all in love. Good night. A kind good night as ever. Henry. P.S.~ Excuse jokes & my play." Richmond served in the 140th New York Infantry from 30 August 1862 to 21 January 1863, when he was discharged for disability. He was commissioned as a First Lieutenant in the 4th New York Heavy Artillery on 21 June 1863 and rose to the rank of Major before mustering out on 26 September 1865 at Washington D.C. The 4th New York served as heavy artillery and infantry in and around Washington D.C. and as artillery reserve in the Army of the Potomac.
 
Two Letters from Sergt. Shattuck 4 Mass Artillery

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Two letters from Sergeant Charles H. Shattuck of the 4th Massachusetts Light Artillery, written shortly before the sieges of Spanish Fort and Fort Blakely on 8 and 9 April 1865. First letter is datelined "Dauphin Island / Mobile Bay Mar 17th," 1865. Text:"Dear Wife. It is with pleasure that I sit down to write you a few lines to let you know that I am well and hope that these few lines will find you and Jessie enjoying the same great priviledge. There is not much news to write. The troops are arriving here every day. They are at J.Smiths the sixteenth army corps. they are a rough set of men as I ever saw. They have been on a march for a year steady and they look dirty and ragged. the troops are leaving here today. the most of the Division that we belong to are under marching orders and we are expecting orders every moment to pack up and be of to Mobile. there was nine of our men discharged to day they are men that enlisted in 1861 for the term of the Battery they reinlisted as veterans and came home with us but they had not served two years so they had no right to reinlist but we did not know it till now so they got their discharge to day. i wish that i was one of them but i don't think that the war will last long. i think that it will end by next fall. sure i hope so, for i am tired of it. write and let me know if plummer lets you have that money that I spoke about in my last letter. i don't think that we shall get our pay for some time yet. it is awful hard times with us for tobacco but we manage to get along. we have got three days rations in our haversacks but tom and i have eat all of ours up so that we should have to go without if these men had not gave us theirs. so that I am all right and one of them gave me fifty centy so that I can get a piece of tobacco. then I shall be all right for two or three days. Tell Jossie that i send her a thousand kisses and you a thousand hugs. give my love to all and take a share for your self. I am in a great hurry so I must close for we are of a short time. from your ever loving husband till death. Sergt Chas. H. Shattuck. If you want me to write send me a sheet of paper in your letters for I am all out." There is separation at folds, but easy to read. Second letter, datelined "Spring Hill Ala 22 May 1865," reads: "Dear Wife. It is with pleasure that I now sit down to write you a few lines. I am well as usual. I got a letter from you yesterday. It is the first that I have got from you for six weeks. I sent you a hundred and seventy five dollars by Adams express to Wenham. I did not know that you had left there. I hope that you will get it without any trouble. I did not get all of my pay. Only a part of it~ and I kept some for myself. I got that tobacco that you sent me and I was very glad to get it. I have wrote to you five letters since I came here aqnd have not got any answer from any of them. I have begun to think that you had forgot me. I like here at spring hill very well. It is a lonesome place. there is about two hundred people lives here. this morning all of the troops are leaving here and going to the city of Mobile. There was a magazine exploded in the city last night and killed about a thousand people and broke all the glass that there was in the city. Tell maria that I have not forgot the old times that we used to have. Tell Jessie that I am coming home to go Berrying with her and to go to camp meeting. I think that we all shall be at home in two months. They have begun to discharge some of the troops now. There is not much news to write. You must keep up good pluck for I shall be at home in a few days. The Wenham Boys are all well. My pen is poor so I must close by Bidding you good bye for the present. from your husband. Sergt. Chas. H. Shattuck." Some soiling & splits at folds but very legible. The 4th Massachusetts fought at Baton Rouge, Lake Ponchartrain and the sieges of Spanish Fort and Fort Blakely. Shattuck mustered in on 17 November 1861, reenlisted as a Sergeant on 2 January 1864 and was discharged on 10 November 1865.
 
1864 Letter Soldier to Wife 21 CT

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A CW letter from Charles Henry Littlefield of the 21st Connecticut Infantry, Company K. Written in ink and datelined "New Porte News" 27 January 1864, letter describes the Union raid on Brandon Farms: Text: "Dear Wife I take the plesure in riting a few lines to you and to in form you that I am well. and hope that these few lines may finde you the same and all of the rest. The Boys got back last night all right. they broote back quite a loot of turkeys and chickens. and some of them goot other things... three thousand bushels of corn and plenty of porke... and burnt some cattle…they found quite a loot…sum of the boys got tirte…they took 7 rebels and took one signal station and two sloops that was after the stuff. the boys found a letter that came... " The spelling is an adventure for the reader. There is another page about a nigger family and taking more loot from surrounding properties. I leave it to the buyer to decipher and enjoy! Littlefield mustered into Company K on 5 September 1862 and was discharged for disability on 11 February 1865.
 
1863 Soldier's Lertter Miners Hill, Va.

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A four page letter in pencil from Union Soldier Robert to his brother & sister. Some stains. Easy to read. No envelope. Text follows: Miner's Hill, Vir.[ginia], January 8, 1863 Dear Brother and Sister, After neglecting about a fortnight or more answering your letter, and having one evening to myself, I thought perhaps I could not have a better time to write. Our company has been on fatigue duty all day about one mile from camp chopping wood for the Regiment. It would kinda surprise you to see the wood nineteen men has sent today and split. There was nineteen men in a relief and three reliefs, one relief to work at a time. In all we have cut and loaded today 14 of these large Government teams with 4 horses. I worked pretty hard today and made one pretty lame, but we expect we shall go again tomorrow. We had considerable fun after all. First we cut down a large hollow oak tree and in it we found a possum, the 5th one I have seen. We kept him around looking at him until we got tired, then we let him climb a small tree, then see him cling by his tail, when we shook the tree. He fell after a while, then he went up again, and we had to cut the tree down, and when it fell it killed him, and tomorrow he has got to be ate by the Lieutenant's and Captain. Then up another large oak we saw a squirrel nest, and down that one had to come. When it came down there was a large owl flew up and then it was fun to see the flying squirrel hopping around. There was eight of them caught and brought home, but the owl we had the most fun with. We chased him all over the woods, but we did not catch him after all. Then we found a whole nest of hornets. Then in another we found a nest of field mice. How they came in there I couldn't find out, but tomorrow I am going around and find more fun. We expect to be on it a week. The other night I was talking with a fellow and he was asking me if I was any of Albert Peck's relation. He said he thought I looked some like him. His name was Orlando. He used to be out in Littleboro. He sends his respects and told me to tell you Fin Pratt was out to Port Royal. I find him a very good fellow. He and I always go rabbit hunting together. We have caught in all enough to make 4 good soups. I like him first rate but he has not had very good health since he enlisted. I suppose it looks to you as though I have plenty of time to write but if you should be here you would see your mistake. The first place in the morning at 6 o'clock we have to rout out to roll call, then comes street police, that is sweeping our streets, either that or fetching water which we have to go about 1/4 of a mile, and bring it up a high hill, and 8 of them has to bring from 40 to 50 pails, and drill 7 hours, besides then at seven is breakfast, then at 1/2 past 8 comes either guard mounting or drill until 12 o'clock when we have dinner, then at 1/2 past 1 comes the tug of war, that is battalion drill which is the hardest drill we have which lasts until 4 o'clock when we come in, and next comes dress parade. Your, Robert
 
1863 Letter 5 th Mass Inf near Falmouth, VA

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Dated April 16, 1863. From Soldier, Eber H. Lawrence of the 5th Massachusetts Infantry, Company G. Written in pencil and datelined "Camp Near Falmouth Va April 16th 1863," letter reads: "Dear Cousin, I received your kind letter dated March 25th. It found me well and enjoying good health. Today, the weather is very warm and pleasant. I should like to be in old... today and attend church, but I am not and think it will be a long day before I see any native town. I tell you cousin that this war is not going to be crushed out this year. Folks at the north does not know how this war is working. if they did, we soldiers would see a great differance. You cannot tell anything by the papers. I see the boston Baltimore New York Philadelphia and Washington papers every day, and i see by them that the press smoothes everything over to blind folks at home. to turn the subject, look at our fleet of iron-clad gun boats of Charleston, what did we accomplish there. the loss of six million of dollars, that is all. Some vvery strange and even startling juxtapositions are occasionally found in the record of the REbellion. But in order to crush this rebellion, we have got to have different men to lead us on to battle. I think cousin in a few days you will hear of one of the bloodiest battles that has yet been fought, the Army of the Potomac is about to make a move, with its noble and brave comander at the head who fears no danger. if he gets the Rebs started they will have to suffer…tell me what Davis says about the war, you ask him how many battles he has been in., then write me. Do not say anything so it will get to him for he has not done me any injury. I suppose hje tell you folks that he has been in half a dozen battles. To tell the truth, he has not fired a gun since he has been in the service. As there is not much news, I will close by bidding you good day. My regards to your wife. Please excuse and accept this from your cousin, E.H.Lawrence. Write soon." Lawrence mustered into Company G on 16 September 1862 and mustered out on 2 July 1863. The 5th Massachusetts Infantry performed garrison duty in the defenses of Baltimore and saw action at Kinston, Whitehall and Goldsboro. Letter measures 5" x 8" and runs 3pp.
 
1863 Confederate Gal writes about Family & War

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This is a four page letter from a Confederate gal named Bella who writes to her aunt from Spring Valley in 1863. Nice condition paper but some splits along the old folds. Oddly, the paper is embossed with a "U.S. Eagle"! Minor stains. Text as follows: "Spring Valley, March 9th, 1863. My very dear Aunt, I suppose you received a letter from my son after you wrote last, as I wrote you a short line before its recption. If that letter reached you, you know why I did not write more promptly, and I hope you felt inclined to excuse me. Your last I should have answered sooner had I not waited till the time of my return to E. Va. could be ascertained, which depended upon Mr. Js. purchase of a farm in Hanover which was adjacent to his circuit. Had he thought weas here to go to it the first of April, but he wrote me a few days ago that he could not get possession of the place till January and declined buying it. So we will board again, though I suppose I will remain till the first or middle of May, at any rate till the roads become dry, and the weather pleasant. Mr. J left left last Tuesday after spending a week with me. He will be up againin two weeks. He and Ray agree in thinking there were stronger indications of peace than at any time since war commernced. They think the dissatisfaction that has been so plainly exposed, will result in good to us. Agreat many soldiers have been staying within the bounds of Mr. J's. circuit, and have completely gleaned it, of nearly everything as any could assume. Not enough was left for the use of the citizens. My brothers are both at Culpepper C.H. John wrote that his health is better than he could have expected it to have been in camp. Willie has recovered from the heart of which I believe I wrote you. He and John volunteered to go with Gen. R.H.Lee (about two weeks ago) on a scout near Fredericksburg. The party made up of volunteers from differenr companies, they were told that they might hold as private property what they captured from the Yankees. Willie got a fine young horse, with bridle and saddle, as well as a pair as pistols. He seems well pleased with the result of the trip, for besides the booty they captured a hundred and fifty prisoners. When Willie wrote John had gone with the prisoners to Richmond; there he expected to have seen one of the men Pa sent to work on the fortifications, who was sick in the hospital, but he died before John got there. He was about twenty three, or four, and a very valuablke man. The other that Pa sent returned a few days ago not having been seriously sick during his absence. A number have died who have gone from this county, and we are all hoping necessity will not again call them out. How did cousin Thomas Green succeed with his substitute? I shall be sorry to hear that he himself has .... the serive, with his disability to those had sore throats, I think it would be hazardous for him to return to camp. I was glad to learn that Willie was so much better tha when I left Patrick. Does Cousin Joe keep bachelor's hall? I was sorry you did not write the "nonsense" that he sent in the form of a message. I expect it was some of his mischief, and I think I would have enjoyed it. Please don't refuse next time. Has brother Bailey favored you with a call since conference. Ask cousin Joe if he finds he improves on acquaintance. Does Fannie like him any better than she used to? I was somewhat surprised that Mr. Harrison had sold his family farm, but I suppose it is better for his children, and then Cousin Eliza's presence would make any home pleasant. Are they living in Henry now? I beliewve if it were not for the loss Hannie sustained in the death of poor Will, Pa would offer his farm for sale, and relieve himself of a great deal of care he now has, while the boys asre gone, and he has no one to assist him. If Pa should sell I would be glad for Mr. Hainston to try it, if you do not think it too far from them to move. I should be sorry to see strangers in possession of a home that has been so long held by the family. I expect Uncle and cousin Joe Hennewrty remember cousin Harriet George. She was a daughter of Uncle Rueben Kennedy's and has been for many years a widow. She died almost suddenly last summer, leaving two sons, the eldest has been in California for three years, and of course has not been heard from since the war commenced. Hoarace (the younger) has been here for the last two weeks. He is deeply grieved, says he feels as though he had no earthly lie. I have known him naturally since childhood, and have seldom seen so ... affectionate a son. He has been for several years his mother's chief support and he provided for her a comfortable home and always engaged in business where he could spend his evenings in her room, was with her so much that it makes his loss seem the heavier. Pa's health is very good, though he suffers a good deal with his arm which is stiff in the shoulder joint. I think I told you he got it hurt while out hunting one night last fall. We are well except colds. My little Lula has a might bad cold, but grows very fast. She is quite good little thing that we all think is pretty. I wish you could see her. How is Cousin Jennie now? Ask her if I may hope ever to get the letter that she owes me. How are Cousin Martha and Mr. Zenmeyer and their little folks. How glad I would be to see them all. I suppose Cousin Lu's little boys are growing and making her very happy. My love to Cousin Sarah and all the others. I do hope she will be able to raise her little babe. Has Cousin Peter gotten well? Remember me to him and Sallie, in short my heart is full of love for you all. Give a portion to Mary Fisher, and keep a great deal for yourself in which the family join me. Write soon if you please, Bella."
 
1864 Brandy Station New York Artilleryman Letter home

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Four page ink letter from Captain Henry E. Richmond of the 4th New York Heavy Artillery to his wife Harriet. Datelined: 30 April 1864, "Camp near Brandy Station, Va," This letter references Richmond's 15-year-old son, Addison, who served alongside him in the regiment. Text: "My Dear Harriet. Yours of the 23rd was received on the eve of the 28th with the slip from Sarah acknoweledging the recipt of Express matter, but failed to mention in particular the arrival of the Gold Watch. I presume however you have rec'd all. Your letters are truly gratifying to us~ the only fault I find with them is~ there are not enough of them. I was surprised to hear of the deaths & marriage. "Bully for Samantha!" I would not buy a large hog but only enough young pigs to eat. I think you do well to have Lawby to make the improvements spoken of, around the time when the lot is plowed so that there will be no need of getting them by close ploughing. Enclosed find an Italian Chestnut which Sam'l may plant in a hill protected by sticks and see what it will do. Plant it just as it is~ I think it will make a fine tree if successful. I hope you will be able to get the cow pastured this Summer~ It will be much less trouble to the boys~ less damage to trees and more profitable in the end. I hope you will take good care of the dwarfs this Summer as they will soon be very ornamental. Dont use my absence "cut down the cherry trees" in front of the house~ good deal danger of that? I am gratified to say that we both are well now~ myself about an average~ and A tip-top~ the "orderly" is now having a time with him in their tent (he tents with the Orderly) and I guess by the sound the Sergt is spanking him. They have a good time together. A is quite a pet with the Co., and much comfort to myself, you may be assured. We mustered today for 2 months pay but when we shall receive it is more than any of us can tell; with Good Luck perhaps in May or June. I shall not be bashful in availing myself of your kind offer in means or Services if required and can be made available. I am quite tired tonight having closed up all company business~ Muster Rolls~ Mothly Returns~ Reports preparatory to a man. We only have one return to make of clothing, camp garrison equippage and our co. business was never more completely closed. I have labored hard to accomplish this. Our own affairs seem to be assuming a more cheerful aspect. The $120 note~ the $80 a/c and $200 now due us, with what I can earn, is blessed with good luck this Summer, will place us far beyond the importunities and unpleasant doggings of creditors. Let us therefore be hopeful & happy~ animated with the hope of meeting again and enjoying happy years together with our children. But Harriet~ should the coming campaign prove unfortunate to us~ should I ever be brought home to you for burial, I desire to be buried under the Masonic Order, with the emblems, or representation of the 'Broken Column' etc. inscribed upon the slab that marks my resting place. This may seem unbecoming in me, but I can not approach coming events without being thus mindful. Billings will explain the language of the "inscription"~ ther "virgin weeping over the column, the book open before her, the Sprig the.... with Time standing behind her, with folded hands in the ringlets of her hair" if such an occasion should require it. We expect orders now, every day & hour & hence I avail myself of this evening to write you…If opportunity is offered I will write again tomorrow eve or before we march. Accept a Husbands prayers for your own & our childrens well being & happiness in life and in death. As I retire to dreaming, home and its loved inmates. Henry." Richmond served in the 140th New York Infantry from 30 August 1862 to 21 January 1863, when he was discharged for disability. He was commissioned as a First Lieutenant in the 4th New York Heavy Artillery on 21 June 1863 and rose to the rank of Major before mustering out on 26 September 1865 at Washington, D.C. His son, Henry Addison Richmond, served in the 4th New York from 14 January 1864 to 26 September 1865. The 4th New York was stationed as heavy artillery and infantry in and around Washington D.C., and as Artillery Reserve in the Army of the Potomac. Letter measures 5" x 8". Fine condition.
 
Letter : Shooting Rebs at Breakfast Soldier needs pants

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AQ four page letter, 5 x 8, in ink, on a full color patriotic letter sheet with vignette of soldier holding a musket and American flag. Berlin, Nov. 18th/61 Dear Father and Mother, I have been looking for a letter from you for several days back but none came. I wrote to you for boots &c. If you have not sent them, I want you to get me a pair of pants made out of that gray cloth made over that pattern that my red ones was made over. Want you to make them as soon as you can for I am in need of them. I wrote to Martha to make me two flannel shirts. You can send them all at the same time. Send them as soon as you can. I shan't get any more clothes of the government than I can help for they are so poor that it will pay to have them made at home. I want you to send me a little money. I will send it to you as soon as I get my pay which I think will be some time this month. I want you to write as soon as you get this and tell me about it and send me the money. Pay the Express on the box before you send it and send me the receipt in a letter. Put a little butter in & apples, &c for I can not get it down here & some candles. The gloves I want to be long ones to cover my wrist. Cloth ones if you can get them. I have to have gloves so to shoot with them. It is middling cold here now. I will tell you about a little fight we had last Friday morning. On Thursday night we went over into Virginia. We went about 5 miles to a little town where there is 30 cavalry comes to breakfast every morning, but they did not come all together as they usually do. There came 4 at first and the others came behind. We was waiting for to get them all in and the 4 found out that we was there and they put spurs to horses and ran by past our men before they could get out of a barn. We fired about 50 shots at them but did not kill any of them. Wounded one. It was a middling dangerous job to go over with so few men, about 40. The best men in the camp, Jes, Ed & myself all went. I want you to get them pants made & send them things all together if you can. Send it as soon as you get this. You need not send the gloves for the captain is a going to send to the city for the whole company. I am enjoying good health. Getting fat every day. My love to all the family. Callie sends his best respects to you. From Your Obedient Son, John Jacobs To Willing P. Jacobs
 
1861 letter from sister decrying the hardships of war

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This is a November 15 (1861) letter on Patriotic Stationary from a sister in Allegheny City (later incorporated into Pittsburgh, PA.)to her brother who was a soldier. There is an embossed eagle & shield letterhead reading "Union & Constitrution. In ink with red & blue edging on paper. Some smudges but sturdy. Text: Allegheny City Nov. 15. Friday Evening. Dear Brother. I received your letter dayed thursday 10 and was very glad to hear from you but was very sory to hear that you had a bad cold and the tooth ache and had to stand out in the rain and cold at knight. it seems very hard to me. have you plenty of good warm clothes to weare. if you have take the good of them. I often think in the evening when I am a lone and wonder if there aint many of our soldiers that is cold and hungry. Oh, I wish to my very heart the war was over and you all safe at home. I was down to see yourb mother nd Maggie last night. They are all well but very lone some with out you and Jimmy. They have not moved yet. It is very hard to get a house under five dollqars a m,onth and she is afraid to go so high a rent if any thing should happen that you and Jimmy should not return. It would be very hard for her to pay that much. I think there will Rooms to rent after while that she can get. I wish she was moved in some nice place not very far away from me. For I have gtot in the habbit of running there so often it would seem very strange to not go to see them two or three times a week at least. I dont think mother is mad at you. I have not seen her since last Sunday evening at church/ I was very glad to see her there for she has been a way from church and sabbath school. But I think she will go study now. We are preparing for a christmas enterprise which I think she will take an active part in it. Write to her often. I think you can have a good influence over her. We are in hopes you can be with us when the.... comes of the church has filed you ...for a present. We all had a hand in it. I dont know whether it is gone or not but it is ready as soon as they can get the directions how to send it through. As soon as you get it, let me know. If you please write soon I want to know what you have for grub and who is your chaplain. Dont think I am too inquisitive for I often think of a great many things. I would like to ask you send your likeness as soon as you can. We are all very anxious to see it. I do most cincerely pray to Almighty God for you and Jimmy. When he bid me farewell, he asked me to remember him in my prayers. Nothing more at present but remain your sister in Christ. Kate Saxton."
 
April 1861 Ohio 4 Regt Letter President & French Admiral

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This is a letter sent by two soldiers in the 4-th Ohio Infantry from Ludy, Virginia. It is on a great multi-colored patriotic stationary. It is signed to both J.V. Culp and James Elliot of Company H. Parts are in pencil and others in ink. No envelope. Text: J.V.Culp and Jas. Elliott, Ludy, VA. June 4, 62. Camp near4 Ludy, VA. June 4th, 1862, J. Wintermuth Sir, Yout letter was received a short time ago but we were on the march at the time of its receipt and ultimately we have not had the priviledge to answer. S8ince leaving the place we last wrote you we have been on a march hurry marched about one hundred and fifty miles over some awful roads. We left New Market about three weeks ago but last Monday marched to the little towen we now occupy as ...next day marched about nineteen miles, Company moved five miles into the town of Front Royal situated on the ....Road. We lay at this place one day, on the road again marched about nine miles the next day marched about eighteen miles encamped within eight miles of the town of Warrenton. The next day moved into town, encamped about three miles beyond that place. the next day marched about five miles. encamped next to station on the Orange & Alexandria Rail Road. The next moved in the direction of Fredericksburg. marched about fifteen miles. the next day marched about sixteen miles. came to the town of Faolmouth opposite Fredericksburg. We have joined General McDowell's forces number8ing near seventy thousand. We lay to or three days in the mean time were received by the President, Secretary of War, The French Ministers and French Admiral. Left Sunday 25th, began to retrace our steps. Marched on the Road to Warrenton at night. Encamped in the same spot we did when on the march. Again marched back to the Station and on the road to Manassass Junction. Encampted about six miles below the station. The next day reached the Junction. Were joined by a large part of McDowell's force. Marched through the Junction on the Road to Front Royal. Reached the town after two days marching on the ... the Rebels from the place after shrimishimg by our Cavalry. Captured a large number of theim. They mostly belonged to the 12 th Georgia Regiment. Six or seven of the Cavalry were killed,. We now hold the place. Have a large force here..... Please answer as soon as received. Yours. J.V.Culp/ J.S. Elliott. PS. I have written a very ...letter and the next time I will do better."
 
Letter from wife to soldier Visted Grieving Mother

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This letter shows the impact of the war on soldier's families. Talks of visiting grieving familes of soldiers lost. Sent from loving wife, Mary Alexander dated May 13th, 1862 Bo "Capt. Wm. B. Alexander, Co. E, 23d Mass. Regiment, Newberne, N.C. Via New York. For? Gen. Burnsides Expedition" William Alexander had a finger shot off the same year in the battle of Newberne but survived the war. Any wear as shown, great history. Text is legible but in faded ink. Text: No. 37. Boston, May 13, 1862. To my dear Beloved husband. my last letter was written in Plymouth but by the commencement of this you will see that I have got back again once more. I went to plymouth the 4th, returned to Boston the 13th. I came up to... in the first train of cars and stopped there until the last train into Boston. Mr. H. B. Price was down to the depot with a buggy to carry me up to his house or wherever i wanted to go. He was looking so much better thasn when I last saw him that I was much surprised. I do think he is a lovely man. I dont wonder that you loved him, as though so much of him, he seems to think considerable of you. And I do think that all of your men set a good deal by you. I saw Mr. Sewall, John Sewell brother and Mr. Pratt. Mr. Towel's wife. I did notsee Mrs. Pearson...all seemed much pleased to see me. They wanted me to stay longer but I could not. I found a letter here from you my darling husband, it was a very short one only about 8 or 10 lines. Now dear William I do not want to find fault with you but I do want longer letters from you than what you have sent last. You do not get any short letters from me. When I was in Plymouth, I called to see Mrs. Churchill the mother of the one that was killed in the battle of new bern. Poor woman. She feels so bad about her poor boy. It is a shame she can not have his body were she can go to visit his grave. I should have thought that the people of Plymouth would have got togetherand sent out some casket out there. I told Mrs. Churchill that you would have them sent home just as soon as you could. I know that you would and now dearWilliam there is a casket on the way for John Sewell. I do hope your Will details some good responsible man to come on with his body and with all the...Mr. John Sewell's wife is a going to have a baby. I do feel for her to be left with a large family of children and one infant in her armes. Oh, May God raise her up some, Good Friends is the prayer of my heart. I should have gone to see her today if she had not lived in North Bridgewater. If Mr. Sewell and Mr. Churchhill and Mr. Bailey are brought home , I think I should go to their funerals if it is a possible thing. I have got very sore eyes and. I will also be wishing you darling husband all the happiness this world can give. God only knows my feelings for you since Thomas has come home and told me all you have... dear william you have done wrong not to have told me everything about... and the future. tell me everything just how you feel... you have an anxious loving wife at home that feels deeply for you and is ever thinking of you and hoping soon to see you. never could a wife love a husband better than i do you. God spair your life to meet again in the prayer of my heart. Write me so that ....
 
10th Connecticutt Infantry Letter

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This is a 16-Page Civil War Letter written by soldier Benjamin Wright to his wife. Very newsy letter, excellent content. This letter came from a larger group of Benjamin Wright's letters. Benjamin Wright, was a resident of Greenwich, Conn., when he enlisted on Sept. 13, 1861, as a sergeant, and was mustered into Co. I, 10th Connecticut Infantry. He was promoted to 2nd lieutenant, Jan. 8, 1863; 1st lieutenant, June 6, 1864; and mustered out of the service on Oct. 17, 1864. Written in continuing excerpts: "15th: We are still here with no orders to move. No boat has arrived as yet. Today it is somewhat stormy and I hardly think we shall get any. Just before dark last night some of the Mass. Cavalry came in...206 horses and about 80 men. The rest of the men had gone North as Veterans. They were ordered to report to Col. Henry of the 40th Mass. who they expected to find here with his Light Brigade. What they are coming here for we don't know. They report our forces evacuating. It is pretty rough on those people who have been invited to come in and who have been promised protection to be thus left to tender mercy of the Rebs. It is about time I think that such things were played out in Florida. I don't think however we shall evacuate Jacksonville. Our gun boats probably will still patrol the river so that those living on this side of the river will be safe. I think very probably some cavalry will be kept here to scout through the country between here and the river. I think we shall probably get orders by the first boat. I don't care how soon they come. Being in suspense is worse than going. I am willing to pack and get off immediately. We had a very good meeting last night. Mr. Trumbull said perhaps it would be the last one we should be permitted to hold in this place. I think however we shall spend another Sabbath in the place. Steamer Mary Boardman, Beaufort, S.C., April 20th, 9 P.M. We have at last been relieved and are far started on our way to Va. We received orders by express from Jacksonville Saturday morning to get ready to move immediately. We were to be relieved by the 17th Conn. They were to be sent as soon as transportation could be furnished. We might expect them immediately. We were to take the boat that brought them from Jacksonville and were not to delay it longer than was necessary. We immediately set to work to get ready. Just before night the steamer with the 17th appeared off the bar, but the tide was falling and it was too late to get in that night. They came in at 6 o'clock the next morning, Sunday. We were in hopes they would not come until Sunday night or Monday morning so as to give us a Sabbath of quiet, but we were not allowed it, but it was impossible to get away that day. I had to work with all my might all day getting every thing in shape for my successor. We had no service through the day. Every man's time was taken up in getting ready for a move. The order was to take as little personal baggage as possible so that a great deal was left behind. In the evening we had service. Mr. Trumbull preached to a very crowded house. A good many of the 17th came in. They were all day getting their baggage off the boat, therefore we could do nothing towards getting ours on. Monday morning we commenced to get our stuff on. We left at 4 in afternoon. I must say that I have left no place since we came into the service with as many regrets as I did St. Augustine. The time we spent there passed very pleasantly. We had formed many pleasant associates and it was with regrets we left them. We know that in bidding good bye to all the comforts of home and civilization that we had been enjoying, that we were soon to see soldiering again in the rough, but from that we would not shrink. We could not expect to be permitted at all times to enjoy such comforts. Such was not what we enlisted for. Never a Regt. left St. Augustine with as many friends as did the 10th. Both Union and Secesh liked us much. They pretty much all turned out to see us off. I assure you not a few tears were shed. Although I regret much to leave the kind friends, I shed no tears. Annie Foster, Mr. Foster's little girl, who with his family boarded at Miss Martha's, cried as though her heart would break. She is a dear little girl. Miss Martha felt very sorry to have us leave. I have promised to keep her informed of our movements. She says she will answer if it is not more than five lines. I think I shall value her as a correspondent. A short time ago she told me to give you her regards. She expects to go North this summer and if possible she has promised to call on you. I know you would prize her acquaintance highly. She is a whole woman. You would like Miss Perih also. She was niece of the late Pelatiah Perih. Although we have bid adieu to St. Augustine, its delightful climate and kind friends, still I trust not forever, if my life and health are spared to see the close of this war. I anticipate a pleasant time at some future day. I think it would be quite as pleasant to take a trip down there some winter and spend a little while as to go to Niagara in the summer. The 17th [Conn.] talk as though they expected to stay out their time in service there, but I can assure you they will have to carry themselves straight. I think they are a pretty hard set. Will not suit the people at St. Augustine very well. They came there with the idea that they were. Some had seen everything and we nothing. Were much surprised to hear that we had seen any active service. I was very glad to meet Oliver Ingersole. I found him just the same as ever. I had a long talk with him. He likes soldiering very well. Wished he had been in service long enough to re-enlist. He would join the 10th. Could never re-enlist in the 17th. We left St. Augustine a little after four Monday afternoon. The weather was fine. We were on board a propeller. We made fine head way until about 12 o'clock when we were struck by a squall. It rained considerable during the night, from 12 at night until 12 the next day. The wind continued to blow very heavy so that we made very slow progress. After that the wind died down some what so that we came along pretty well. We got into the [Hilton] Head at 9 o'clock. Col. Otis and I immediately reported our arrival at Dept. Head Qrs. for orders. We received none however, but were told to report this morning at nine which we did. Got orders to transfer men and baggage to the Steamer Maty Boardman and report at Fortress Monroe to Gen. Butler. The Mary Boardman had to [get] coal and water and came up to Beaufort to do so. The Capt. did not want to take us. He thought that while he came up here to coal we would be put on some other vessel, but there is where he was mistaken for we followed him right up. In the morning we will lay alongside and make the transfer. We shall have fine accomodations. On the boat we came from St. Augustine in, we have had no accomodations at all. The Col. very kindly offered me living in their state room which is the only decent room on the boat. I accepted the first night but last night I laid on the cabin floor. The Col. brought his family with him. His boy was so sick that he was afraid he should not be able to bring them, but at last the Dr. decided he might be moved. I don't think it has hurt him although he was very sea sick most of the way. He had been very sick for a number of days before we started with dysentery. Tonight we have fine quarters on this boat. The Chaplain, Q.M. and myself are the only ones who came aboard. The Chaplain and I have been improving the time in writing while we had it quiet. I don't think I shall write much longer, however as it is 12 o'clock. Since coming up here I have met Joe Hyde. I had no idea of meeting him. He is looking fine. He has been appointed Post Treasurer. His Regt. is doing provost duty in town. Henry is on recruiting service over on Lady Island. When we reached the Head, we found the Monohanset had gone to St. Augustine and carried our mail which we had been looking for, for the last two weeks. We were much disappointed as we were in hopes of hearing from home. Fortunately another boat came in with a mail today which relieved us some what. I received three letters, one from you mailed the 14th, one from Louise, and one from Joseph. I assure you they quite relieved me. I am in hopes that we may get the mail that went to St. Augustine before we leave. I am afraid however the Monohanset will not get back in time, however one of our officers and several of the men left there will bring them by the first boat. Fortunately our express had not been sent. I got my valise today. Everything is very nice. I shall however probably send most of the things home from Fortress Monroe, send my trunk, keep only my valise with what articles are absolutely necessary. If we have time to get any place it will be but little trouble to have them sent to me. We shall have to go light and if they are sent home they will be safe, but I must stop for the night and turn in. I begin to think I have done very well. I will finish tomorrow. Good night. 21st: We are just through making the transfer from the Tappahannock to the Mary Boardman, and will probably soon be under way for the Head. We are pretty well fixed and I think we shall have a good run. I saw Henry Hyde today. He is a 1st Lieut. in the 33rd U.S. [Colored Troops]. Henry is looking fine. He is recruiting at present. I intend calling on some of the ladies here at Beaufort, but I did not get at it. There is some at the Head I want to see. I hope we shall stop there an hour or two. Col. Otis' little boy is improving. He will have things much more comfortable on this boat then on the other. 22nd: Hilton Head. It is now 9 o'clock. We shall probably go to sea in the course of an hour. The weather is fine and I hope we shall have a pleasant trip. My clothes that came in my valise I like very much. They fir nicely. I only wish 1st Lieut. straps had been put on the coat instead of 2nd. I shall probably send the coat home from Fortress Monroe. Shall keep only my valise with what things are essentially necessary. You speak of liking to live near the ocean. That would suit me exactly. I think if we live until after the war is over we shall have to go to Florida. How do you think you would like that? Those handkerchiefs I fear we shall not receive. I may however as Lieut. Palmer is still at St. Augustine and will if he has sense enough bring whatever mail there is for us. My photographs went with a rush. I wish I had more of them although they don't suit me. I will send you several pictures in this of different one of our officers. Charles McCann and Alexander Ferris should be drummed out of the Army. A man that will vot a Copperhead ticket is not worthy of the name of an American soldier. I rejoice to hear that Mother is gradually improving. God grant that she may entirely recover. 24th: 12 M. We passed [Cape] Hatteras early this morning and must now be getting pretty well on towards Cape Henry. We shall probably reach Fortress Monroe before night. Most of the way we have had it very pleasant with the exception of last night when it rolled very heavy, had to lay bracing head and foot to lay still in the bunks. We have just had a service on deck. Mr. Bunkerhoff assisted Mr. Trumbull. He had some very good remarks. We are to have another service this afternoon. Since starting to come North I have thought more about you and Bennie and of home than usual. You have been in my thoughts constantly. How I long to see you and to enjoy the peace and quiet of home. I have expected to enjoy a few days of such this spring, but with Virginia in prospect I have bid good bye to all such hopes for the present. Still I have faith to believe I shall yet be permitted to live to reach home. I have faith to believe this war will soon be over, that those who live will when this year rolls away be permitted to return to their homes in peace, but before that there has got to be some hard fighting, a good many lives must be sacrificed, but I feel that the cause is worth all that it has or will cost. We shall be a better Nation for the ordeal through which we have passed. It will be settled so that we need have no fears that our children will have to settle it again. If we lay down our lives in such a cause we can have the satisfaction of knowing they were sacrificed in a good cause and for the good of the country. We shall probably get orders at Fortress Monroe either to go to Yorktown or to Annapolis. I hope to go to the latter place. If we get there I shall hope to see some of the people from home. It is nearly dinner time. I have not missed a meal since we started although I have not felt at all well. I have not been much sea sick however. We can feel quite a perceptable change in the atmosphere between St. Augustine and here. It is getting to be quite cool this afternoon. I hope we shall not have any more cold weather. It is getting so late in the season that I hardly think we shall, although we may have some cold storms yet. I dread being out nights and in wet more than anything else. 8:30 P.M. We have just dropped anchor in Hampton Roads. It is possible we shall know our destiny tonight as I think the Colonel intends to report ashore tonight for orders. The Chaplin just went out of the cabin with his over coat on his arm. I think he intends going with the Colonel. It is raining a little. The Col. has just come down. He decided not to report until morning, a very sensible conclusion. I think he would probably find no one to report to if he should get onshore. The Chaplin has come down and gone to making lemonade. I think it will be a great improvement to the miserable water we have on the boat. I have longed for a drink of good water. The water on these boats is all condensed. We get it hot. It is very good if allowed to stand a week or two. It improves decidedly with age. I am in hopes of a good night's sleep tonight as we are lying quietly at anchor. By the time I get this letter finished it will be one of my old fashioned kind. This makes five sheets. I will finish in the morning so that it may go up on the boat tomorrow night. 25th: The Col. has just come from the shore. We are to go to Gloucester Point. The civilians are to be landed immediately. Give my love to all. Ever affectionately your, Benjamin
 
Civil War Letter from Soldier to Wife TRYING DESERTERS

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CIVIL WAR LETTER FROM SOLDIER TO WIFE GOOD CONTENT ABOUT TRYING DESERTERS AT GENERAL COURT MARTIAL ROOMS. Text: "FROM ALEXANDRIA VA MARCH 19 SABBATH EVENING GENERAL COURT MARTIAL ROOMS. DEAR WIFE, ... A FEW LINES TO LET YOU KNOW HOW THINGS ARE GOING ON IN THIS DEPT. AS FAR AS MILITARY MATTERS ARE CONCERNED THERE HAS BEEN NO CHANGE . WE ARE ALL IN OUR OLD POSITIONS. I SPENT YESTERDAY AFTERNOON AT CAMP WITH OLIVER TOOK SUPPER WITH HIM. AFTER SUPPER THE REGT. HAD DRESS PARADE AND THE COLONEL MARCHED THEM INTO TOWN. AND AROUND PAST GENERAL SLOUGHS HEADQUARTERS. THE REGIMENT MADE A FINE APPEARANCE I DONT KNOW WHAT THE GENERAL THOUGHT OF THEM. WE HAD TWO FIRES IN TOWN LAST NIGHT BUT NOT MUCH DAMAGE WAS DONE. ONE STABLE WAS BURNED DOWN. THE FIRE COMPANIES WERE OUT WITH THIER ENGINES AND SOON EXTINGUISHED THE FLAMES. I WAS AT PRESBYTERIAN MEETING THIS FORNOON HEARD A VERY GOOD SERMON. THE MINISTER WAS QUITE LOYAL TODAY. HE PRAYED FOR THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES AND ALL IN AUTHORITY UNDER HIM. HE ALSO PRAYED FOR THE REBELS (CROSSED OFF) AND CHANGED TO THAT GOD WOULD SHOW OUR ENEMIES THEIR ERROR THAT HE WOULD TURN THEIR HEARTS TO DO THAT WHICH IS RIGHT. .... SUNDAY NIGHT 9 0 CLOCK I HAVE JUST RETURNED FROM MEETING. I HEARD QUITE A GOOD SERMON TONIGHT.... I WAS AT THE EPISCOPLALIAN OR CHRIST CHURCH AS IT IS CALLED . .....WID SO STRONG BLEW DOWN CHAPEL TENT MONDAY MARCH 20TH OUR COURT NOW IS IN SESSION TRYING DESERTERS,.... SIGNED JOHN WOLFF.
 
1864 Letter to Husband in Military Hospital

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This is a one page letter from wife, Phoebe C. Ireland to husband R.F. Ireland in Eruptive General Hospital in Louisville, KY. She writes in 1864 from Wapakanetta, Ohio about family matters. Has nice envelope addressed to him with a CW period 3 cent stamp. Text: Dear Husband, I have set down to drop you a few lines in haste again. Jimey has writen home for us to make him a couple of Calico shirts, for the miles had eaten his shirts up. We want to send them this afternoon. He says the officer threatened arresting him for satriping to wash the one he had on. He is Forrage Master. George is at Hashville.... When Fuller last wqrote he is about seven miles from Atlan.. and James had been to him and took dinner with him. Fullwer says he has not much to do in the day time, at night he builds bridges & forts. Richard, you say in your last, your time will expire in five months. I thought it was six months from the sixth of this month. I was over on Two.... yesterday. Br. Fryer preached a very good sermon from Revelation 3rd Chap 20 verse. I think I shall return home one week from tomorrow. You may direct the answer to us here. We are all well except the three younger children have sore eyes and Rachie has taken cold. She is now nurse to sleep as I am writing. Manerva's Little Phoebe is very much afflicted with sores, her face and neck is covered with running sores. I* will send you Aunt Lizzie's letter and you may return it in your next. Your loving wife, Phoebe C. Ireland. PS: Preacher Drury has stopped here to dinner, we are all in our bair feet and morning dresses. Herve slipped upstairs to dress but I tell Dell it is her he is after...." There are two Richard F. Irelands listed as serving Ohio. One is 19. (He was not discharged until 1865) I doubt he'd have a brood of kids, with younger children. The other was 37. He was discharged for disability in February. More likely, this is him: Enlisted on 2/6/1862 as a Private. On 2/6/1862 he mustered into "B" Co. OH 17th Infantry. He was discharged for disability on 3/16/1863 at Cincinnati, OH. But date on letter seems off. More research needed, but we are close to finding him!
 
Nov 1863 Wife to Soldier in General Hospital 3

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This is a letter from wife Phoebe C. Ireland (Franklin, OH) to husband Richard F. Ireland in the Branch 19, General Hospital 3 of Louisville, KY. It is dated Nov. 15, 1863. (Another letter shows him in a hospital in August) There are two Richard F. Irelands listed as serving Ohio. One is 19. (He was not discharged until 1865) In other letter, wife referenced a group of his children. Unlikely a 19 year old. The other man was 37. He was discharged for disability in February. More likely, this is him: Enlisted on 2/6/1862 as a Private. On 2/6/1862 he mustered into "B" Co. OH 17th Infantry. He was discharged for disability on 3/16/1863 at Cincinnati, OH. But year on letter seems off. More research needed, but we are close! Letter text follows: Dear Husband, Through the mercy of a kind providence we are all in our usual health. Julia has gone to Sabbath school; the children are playing about the room. Yesterday & today are rainy unpleasant days. Manerva started home yesterday; her children were sick & troublesome; so she did not enjoy her visit. She would have been glad to stay with me this winter if her children had kept well. Brother P. brought me a letter from you to him, saying your bother George & Stege had gone to their Regiments. Well I fear the consequence of the news to Almira, her health is so poor and she greives all the time because of his absense. When I read the news I had to weep. I am not very brave and perhaps as patriotic as I should be. I know it would not be best for me to write you my feelings always. I may be mistaken But I think very likely Steve will never see his wife in this world. Therny Kinder was buried last Tuesday, there is some Typhoid fever in town. Richard, I never feel in a writing mood any more. I think sometimes I will persuade Julia to do all the writings. My head troubles me. I can give you no idea. I feel incapable for what is before me. Lillie has seen someone over to Mr. WSchencks who reminds her very much of her father. She has told me a great many times that he has as much hair on her head as her father. She has just thought again about him, and has been telling me, "Oh Mother, that man over to Mr. Schencks was as big as my father and had as much hair as my father and his head was like my Father and he said who's little girl is that and Mrs. Schenck said it was Phoebe's little girl. Monday noon: Julia just brought yours (letter) of the 12. I am glad to hear your health is good. I think strange you still have such a desire to go to the Reg't, but you are as-usual uneasy when well off. Richard, if you send money at any time, I think it will be safe to send it by Mail- $5 or $10 at a time, but you can use your own judgement about it. My love to you, Dear One. Phebe C. Ireland. (ON rear page is letter from daughter, Julia Ireland to him:) Dear Father, I was to Baptist Sunday School this morning and to Methodist this afternoon. There were not very many there this morning, it being a rainy day. Master Butler got up and spoke about what he thought of the Sabbath School. He said they could make neat little bags, make a little needle & pin cushion, put in buttons, thread, etc. Write a letter he said. It would go to some soldier. not just any soldiers name. sometimes put a tract (religious book) and call them Comfort bags. And this afternoon Lt. Gilessina was at the Methodist sunday school. His wife is my tracker. he made a great speech about the poor little ragged children down South whose fathers were forced in the Rebel Army, About their not having any Sunday School to go to. He told about Gen. Burnside coming through there with his men. How the children shouted for joy when they saw that Beautiful Flag of their country. They called Burnside the father of their Country. He talked about the old secessionists and about how good Mr. Lincoln was. Mrs. Dickey was there. Her face flushed and she looked mad. Well father, I guess I must close. Do not forget to send those and oblige your affectionate Daughter Julia Ireland."
 
Soldier Letter to Soldier Brother describes Ft. Lincoln

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This is a letter from J.N. Bryant to his brother Harvey Bryant from Camp Lincoln, protecting Washington, D.C. Text: " "My Soldier Brother. I read your interesting letter of 11th just about 15 minutes ago. But you will see by the above that I am no longer at Fort Delaware. I was very glad to hear that you were enjoying good health and am pleased to inform you that I have enjoyed the same blessing ever since volunteering my services to Father Abraham. The 21 st of last month the members of Schooley's battery strapped their knapsacks upon their backs and started for fort lincoln. We went down the Del. & Chesapeake canal through the Chesapeak Bay and up the Potomac making the whole of the journey to Washington by water. The boat that we sailed on was a government transport that has been much used for the transport of horses and other livestock. Its accomodations for men were very slim. Fort lincoln is situated 5 miles N.W. of Washington. It is a powerful earth structure something like 600 feet long by 50 wide and at present mounts 16 heavy guns. There is one one one hundred pounder rifled parrot here which has just been mounted; and as an engine of war it is the grandest thing that I ever saw. As soon as I learned that Witmers Cavalry was encamped near Washington I took a pass and went down and see the boys. Saturday Dec 13th was the day. Through them I learned that you had been here but had just left. I would like to have had an interview with you. I have not rec'd any letters from home since coming here but have had one from Dave and one from Jackson. I was surprised to learn in your letter that Uncle Alve Bergen was out a soldiering. I your next letter please give me his address if you know where he is. I would like very much to have seen Smith and Osk. Schooley's Independent Battery- once so called- is now attached to the 112 thy Regt that now garrison a part of the fortifications around Washington. This Regt has been in the service 14 months. It is under the command of an old wardog by the name of Gibson who has had his heel shot off in the Mexican War. You asked me how I like the business. I think that the mighty conflict that is now being waged is a struggle between freedom and its opponent. I feel proud to think that I am a unit in freedoms army. While at Fort D. I got a few letters from Fred and some from Frank. I am very glad that you are so well-pleased with your company. I rec'd a letter a day or two ago from walter Watson- Georges boy- he is in the army and well. Well, Harve, take care of yourself and dont get the blues. What are your armes? Good or bad? Have you practiced shooting at the target any yet? Please accept this. Also my best wishes for your prosperity and success. Write as soon as you get this and I will try to write more the next time. Harvey B. Address J.N. Bryant. Bat. M. 112 Regt. Fort Lincoln. Washington, D.C. J.N. Bryant."
 
1863 Letter Soldier Winter Quarters and Bad Ladies

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This is a letter by Union soldier J.N. Bryant who was stationed at Fort Lincoln outside Washington, D.C. with Battery M., 112 th Regt. TEXT: Jan. 22 nd, 1863. Fort Lincoln, Washington, D.C. Mr, Harvey B. Brother Harvey, Your letter of the 14 just came to hand in due time. I was very glsad to hear that you were prospering so well. Was glad to hear that Whitimes Cavalry is all right. I heard that your Capt. E.W. Rogers has returned home sick. Is it so? How do you like him as a Capt. For a day or two past we have been having a tremendous storm of wind and rain. Night before last, several of our tents were blown down. Fortunately ours stood the storm. Yet, some of them who occupied the upper bunks had to get up in consequence of the water that run through the canvass. I was in a middle bunk and slept until my usual hour of rising. But got quite a sprinkling. Our tents are stockaded and contain 18 bunks, nine on each side, and three tiers high. The process of stockading a tent is this: Logs 9 or 10 feet long and from 10 to 18 inches through are split through the middle, and hewed straight on the flat side. Then, a circular ditch 2 feet deep is dug. These posts are then placed upright in the ditch and made firm by filling up the ditch with dirt and tamping it thoroughly. The tent is then placed upon the top of these posts and made fast by nailing. Then the crevices between the posts are filled with morter. Our quarters are nice and comfortable. Last Tuesday our company received two months pay. The boys are feeling well. Some are so foolish as to get most beastly drunk. The pie cake and apple women are making money very fast just now. Also many other very accomodating ladies whose profession I will not mention, fearing irt would make you blush. ... I have not been on guard for over a month but have drilled pretty much all of the time, either with pick and shovel or guns. I like a change.... Give my regards to all the boys. J.N. Bryant.
 
Letter: Mules Negroes Black Princess Big guns

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This is a letter from Union soldier J.N. Bryant who was stationed in Washington D.C. at Fort Lincoln in January 1863, in Battery M, 117 Regt. He wrires a familiar letter to his brother Harvey in Ohio. TEXT: Fort Lincoln, Washington, D.C. Jan. 8th, 1863. Mr Harvey Bryant. Borother Harvey, I received a letter from you some time since, but as I have been quite busily engaged for a few days past, working upon the fortifications around here, I have not had time to answer it until the present time. I am enjoying very good health and hope you possess the same blessing, for it is the greatest prize that anyone can possess, especially the man that is helping wage a conflict against rebellion and hell. I received a letter.... I was some surprised to learn that you preferred mules to negroes. Your love for them must be small indeed. I should sooner have expected to hear that you had Bunked in with some fair Ethiopian Miss and engaged her services as a bed companion during the war, unless sooner discharged. Fort Lincoln at present mounts 15 heavy cannon, 12 light pieces and three mortars. There is one rifled gun here that weighs five tons and is capable of shooting the great distance of six miles. It carries a ball that weighs 100 pounds. It is a splendid gun..... there are three companies here. Beside our own, a short distance from here, at another fort there is a company of men from the State of Maine. They all are good natured, fine looking men...."
 
1864 Soldier Letter New York Regiment

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An interesting letter from a New York soldier. Great "Excelsior" letter head. Not signed. Text in ink is very legible. Text: Camp Sullivan, Washington, D.C. July 9th, 1864. My dear La'stes: It was with pleasure that I received your last letter from home. I need not say it gives me pleasure to here from our friends. You will see I was writing a letter home as the mail which brought yours arrived. One of the soldiers in Co. H told me that there was a letter for me. As I received this news I sprung to my feet and took a dribble quick to the officers tent where they are distributed and fell to reading the contence. Those flowers were very acceptable. They retained their odor though smashed as flat as a sheet of paper. I shall keep them. I have visited a place on a hill near our camp where there is a nice glass house filled with all kinds of rare plants and flowers. The house formally standing on the farm and belonging to a Union man was burned down last fall near the commencement of the sessession trouble, probably by a rebble. The chimney and other parts of the ruins stand in full sight of our camp. The place is occupied only by his negroes whos quarters with the barns were left standing. This morning I with two others took a stroll from the camp and passing through two camps one of Mass. and one of N.Y. troops, reached the grounds of a rich Southener where we found as nice a place New England can afford. We found an artificial pond surrounded with a nice gravill walk and shaded with evergreens, near which there was a fine spring of water used by one of the Regt. and as usual in all such cases under strict guard to prevent the poisining of the water as has sometimes been the case. Close by the spring was house to keep butter in and between there and the cow yard a milk room containing a marble table to work butter on and drains of stone to course water around the room to keep it cool. The house was built of brick and painted cream color. Situated on a rise of groung and surrounded with trees and patches flowers. The stables and fields will knock Dea. Breffrem shy high. I have not had the pleasure of seeing Old Abe or Scott as yet. When our regt was reviewed I was on guard. I have not eat much lately expecting to buy now and then a pint of milk and cream in a hard cracker called in the army jilet bread. I have an appetite for salt junk in this hot climate. I hope soon to have my usual strength and appetite. This weakness and loss of appetite is caused by the sudden change of climate. Nearly all of the troops from the North are affected this way at the first. It is now very warm and dry here, By the inhabitants of this place I understand that the Col. says we shall march tomorrow night. Where to we know not. We have had our rations cooked up some time and have been expecting marching orders some time whether we start the or not remains to be seen. The papers had us started yesterday but I do not see it cricking around as the boys say. There is not much to be known by the papers. I intend to send home a map of the seet of war that you may know our position wherever we may be stationed. Our present position is near the letter T or O. In the Washington we can look over to Arlington heights across the city and river. I have one sad accident to relate. This morning one of the magazines connected with the battery of howitzers in the Mozart Regt exploded killing one mqan and seriously wounding 4 others. It is thought they will die. This seems worse than to be killed in battle. I would like to go to Church with you next Sunday and take tea with you at home. How pleasant it would be to walk over that hill or down to the pond. (Unsigned)
 
1861 Letter Finger Shop Off and Wants Letters

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8”x5” original Civil War letter on patriotic letterhead with large colorful American flag and Liberty cap, written in ink. I have corrected some misspellings and punctuation to make it easier to read but have not changed the content. (Text) Arlington Mills, Va August 6, 1861 Miss Kate, You will excuse my abrupt letter although we were once friends, but now are not as near friends as I would like to be. Nevertheless, I will write believing you are sufficiently posting in the rules of etiquette and hospitality to answer it. Your cousin Washington is here, it is rather unfortunate for him as he has of late lost one of his fingers by the accidental discharge of his gun. I have a great regard for him as he is young in years and far from home, inexperienced not accustomed to hard fare or the ways of the world. Shall try to be a friend to his as longs as he remains in the regt. Will you inform his father as your earliest convenience. I should be proud to have a letter from you, give me the general details of news of the boys and girls and all the news of interest, who is married and who would like to be and so on. We are but a short distance from the enemy, see them every day. You’ll excuse my bad penmanship as I have no table to write upon, my table is the ground. Direct you letters if you write, Washington DC, 24th Regt NYV, care of Col. Sullivan. Your with proper filial respect, H. Mattison Goodbye Kate.
 
1864 Union Soldier Letter with Outright Erotic Content

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This is a Letter from a Civil War soldier stationed in Washington in 1864. He works for Navy Department/ Bureau of Equipment and Recruiting. Letter is to Adelia in Pigeon Cove, Massachusetts. Here is the daring text: "Navy Department. Bureau of Equipment and Recruiting. Washington. July 14th, 1864. My Dear Adelia. Yopur letter has been received although it was partly by chance of the confounded rebels had the pleasure of reading the letters that were to come in the mail the day before. Had they got some of my letters they would have been edified in reading them. However they didnt and I take pleasure in knowing that they were read by the person intended for. What do you think of our scare during the past week? Thirty thousand rebel troops around the city, their guns plainly heard and houses burned within five miles of us. We had no troops to defend the city and had they made the attack last Monday, might have captured it without doubt. Clerks and everybody else able to bear arms were sent to the rifle pits and a more general excitement never fore prevailed. It is a disgrace that rebel cannons should now shake the very Capitol of our Union. But how are you enjoying yourself this season in your quiet seaside home? Who is there to help kill time? Has Miss Stowell returned and does she stop with Frank often? How are you fifty four? About my vacation I hardly know. The chief clerk has told me I could not go home and I felt as if I would like to have~ (A good cry)~ If I do go I will ride horse back and do all sorts of riding, for being in this city seven months makes me feel almost like a horse. Your programm will undoubtedly satisfy me and since it grants me all but one thing I shall be false to my nature if I dont take some liberty myself and although it is possible that I may not accomplish much you may bet high that I shall try darned hard. By the way I have taken some fancy lessons lately and Washington ladies make grand teachers~ "a la mode" This city is becoming like Paris, where the people work for their own pleasure, and feel little reserved when asked questions which would bring a slap from our New England Buxoms. You see as civilization progresses and as people know what is in this world of ours, they have a natural inclination to taste of the fruit that Eve did when she fell- into the arms of Adam. That fall has brought sin into the world, and it has since brought something else in, in the shape of ten .... and sometimes b7y bracelets. If I dont have a vacation I think I can make arrangements to be off one week when I will meet you somewhere if you say so. I wish you would answer this letter so that I can get it within a fortnight for I am going to Baltimore then. Won't you? I will send you a paper which contains an exposition of the affair which took place in the Treasury Department, showing you a little of Washington life. The best part is where the blank occurs, and I will explain it that you may understand. Two couples were together in private rooms and a dispute arose how they should distribute themselves~ it was finally agreed that the ladies should measure the gentlemen's~ and he who could present most should have the choice~ certainly, a very novel but good way. It is a good piece and should be well studied by those who anticipate ever coming to Washington. I dont know as you can read this letter for I have hurried it and it looks like fury. I can only account for poor writing by telling you that it was so warm last night I slept without clothes on excepting my~ ~ ~ of course and today I am Stiff All Over. Accept much love. I remain of course. With respect, Liander."
 
1864 Letter Wounded William Barrows 33 Mass Regt

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This is a letter home from Corporal William A. Barrows of 33rd Mass Infantry while recovering from wounds received at Dallas, Georgia. This is in pencil. Signed "William" but last name known from other letters found together. No envelope. Text is interesting: "Nashville, December 20th, 1864. Tuesday PM. Dear Mother, Sister and Cousin. Your letters have just been received and I will hasten to answer them. I was very much pleased to hear from home. Also to hear from Cyrus. I have written to him since I came back. I am well. My wounds are about well. I am more improved now and have been very bust today cleaning up the tent, scrubbing the floor, etc. We have had a good deal of rainy weather here the past week and some pretty hard battles with the Johnies. I suppose you have all the news in regard to them. I sent father a Nashville paper. I could stand here at the hospital and see fighting going on. It is the first time that I ever saw a battle going on when I did not have a hand in it. It seems very still here since the battle is over. There were two days of very hard fighting. Old Hood has got an awful whipping. He told his men if they would take Nashville he would give each one a new suit of clothes. This some prisoners told to a man I saw. They said they had got Nashville but did not know about the new suit. The prisoners were very destitute of clothing. A great many of them barefooted and almost staved. They said all the had to eat was raw corn. (Family chat follows) I must close now. It is about time for the mail to leave. Please write me another company letter. They are kind. Love to all. Wm. A. Barrows. Direct Sect 6 instead of 4. Have changed the number of Section to Six."
 
1862 Zeigler Boys Go to War Letter.

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This is one of three letters from the Zeigler boys: T.J, W.H. and Philip who all apparently went to war. This one is from T.J. to sister Julia. In it, he inquires about the Little Gal he left behind... On a nice patriotic letter sheet sowing two pretty maids with logo: "None but the Brave deserve the Fair." Ink. No envelope. Text is: November the 27th, 1862. My Dear Sister. I will now write you a few lines to let you know that I am well and hope you are all the same. Dear Julie I have not got my picture taken yet. But I intend to get it taken as soon as I can and send it home to you that you may all see your kind brother who left home the 2nd day of April last. I have takin quite to journey all alone by myself. I have got friends every place I go: bravery and honesty and good countenance will take a man just where ever he wants to go. I found out I have not got an enemy in the Regiment. If I have it is unknown to me. I enjoy myself wherever I be. But much do I wish that I were at home this night. Oh, it would be glory to me and to you all to set up to Father and Mother's table to partake of the good things sat before us. Well I must give you a small history of our living. WWe eat on the ground. We have no table to set up to now. No soft bread to eat. No butter to spred. We have got dry crackers to eat. Meat buns nice and potatoes plenty and also coffee and sugar. Our crackers are five inches square and half inch thick. I have got some crackers that I could not break with my hands. So I would edge one up to 'gainst a stone and take an other stone and sledge it to pieces. It went mighty awkward to me at first but I have got used to them. I can set down and break one to pieces without ever thinking of home but with all this it is very holesome bred when it is broken up and soaked in coffee. Dont eat bad as long as we have plenty. There is no danger of us starving. We have got plenty of good warm clothing to warm well. Julie I think I will close by sending my love to you all. Direct as before, T.J. Zeigler. Answer soon. And let me know perticularly the perceding of the Little Gal I left behind me.
 
New Years 1862 Soldier Letter on a Program

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This is an ink letter written over the surface of a New Year's 1862 Patriotic Program from an Illinois newspaper. It is scribbled all over, round and round in the margins, like a maze to unvravel, by a playful young trooper at camp to his relative at home: "Jan 18th/62. To Maria Bacock. Camp Butler, Ill. I take the present opportunity of writing you a few lines to let you know that I am well at present and hope that when these few lines come to hand, they will find you all enjoying the same state of health. I got a letter from Nancy Jane. She said you wasn’t well. But I hope you are at this time. I should like to come home but I can’t get back enough. There is talk of disbanding the Regiment. But I think it is all hokes. Tell Nancy Jane that I got a letter from her but I wrote to her last and I shall expect I am answered from her before I write any more. Well Bie. I have pretty much written this side of the sheet. I can’t hardly think of anything to write. All the boys are well at the present. A great many got sick furloughs and gone home (Edges) I will get a good long letter from you. So good bye. Write soon and often. If you send word been word. I think that is on this sheet of paper. (Corner) I send you this posting as a New Years present. Being I couldn’t get anything else in camp. Good bye. (Other side edges) If you can find out how to read this you will be as sharp as a Philadelphia lawyer. No more at this time. Good bye. XCuse goodby so often."
 
Homemade envelope from the front

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This is an envelope made from folded sheets of paper. It was sent home by a soldier to his family in Indiana from Nashville. Whatever was inside is long gone. Was it money, a souvenir of war, or his photo? But it took two standard three cent stamps to get it back home. It is a cool reminder of how soldiers interacted with their folks back home.